Malaysia Federal Route 3

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Federal Route 3

Jalan Kuala Terengganu-Kuantan (Jalan Persekutuan Malaysia 3), Kampung Paya 20240227 172525.jpg
Route information
Part of AH 18
Length739.06 km (459.23 mi)
Existed1866[1]–present
HistoryCompleted in 1962[2]
Major junctions
North endRantau Panjang, Kelantan
Major intersectionsROADS
Template:JKR Skudai Highway
Template:JKR Pasir Gudang Highway
Template:JKR Federal Route 94
Template:JKR Federal Route 91
Template:JKR Pengerang Highway
Template:JKR Federal Route 99
Template:JKR Jalan Utama Tenggaroh
Template:JKR Federal Route 50
Template:JKR Federal Route 63
Template:JKR Federal Route 82
Template:JKR Jalan Ceruk Paluh
Template:JKR Tanjung Lumpur Highway
Template:JKR Gambang–Kuantan Highway
Template:JKR Jerangau–Jabor Highway
Template:JKR Jalan Kawasan Perindustrian Gebeng
Template:JKR Jalan Pelabuhan Kuantan
Template:JKR AH 141 Gebeng Bypass
Template:JKR Federal Route 237
Template:JKR Template:JKR Kemaman Bypass
Template:JKR Federal Route 122
Template:JKR Federal Route 124
Template:JKR Jalan Kuala Dungun
Template:JKR Jalan Pangkalan Ikan Cendering
Template:JKR Federal Route 174
Template:JKR Jalan Tengku Mizan
Template:JKR Template:JKR Jalan Tengku Ampuan Intan Zaharah
Template:JKR Federal Route 247
Template:JKR Jalan Kampung Raja
Template:JKR AH 140 Federal Route 4
Template:JKR Pasir Puteh Bypass
Template:JKR Jalan Kubang Kerian–Bachok
Template:JKR Jalan Raja Perempuan Zainab II
Template:JKR Jalan Pengkalan Chepa
Template:JKR Federal Route 8
Template:JKR Jalan Pengkalan Kubur
Template:JKR Tendong–Mulong Highway
Template:JKR Federal Route 130
Template:JKR Federal Route 129
Template:JKR Federal Route 196
Thai Highway-4056.svg AH 18 Sungai Padi Road

Expressway logo.png EXPRESSWAYS
Template:MES-E AH 2 North–South Expressway Southern Route
Template:MES-E AH 2 Johor Bahru Eastern Dispersal Link Expressway
Template:MES-E Senai–Desaru Expressway
Template:MES-E AH 141 East Coast Expressway
South endJohor Bahru, Johor
Location
CountryMalaysia
Primary
destinations		Pasir Mas
Kota Bharu
Pasir Puteh
Kuala Terengganu
Dungun
Chukai
Kuantan
Pekan
Mersing
Kota Tinggi
Kulai
Johor Bahru
Highway system

Federal Route 3 is a main federal road running along the east coast of Peninsula Malaysia. The 739 kilometers (459 mi) federal highway connects Rantau Panjang (near the border with Thailand) in Kelantan until Johor Bahru in Johor.[3] The entire FT3 highway is gazetted as a part of the Asian Highway Network route 18.[4]

The Federal Route 3 has gained a reputation as one of the best coastal highways in Malaysia and Asia due to the scenic views along the highway, as being recognised by the National Geographic Society and Harian Metro. The Federal Route 3 is named as one of the top 10 coastal highways in Asia by the National Geographic Society,[5] while Harian Metro recognises the FT3 highway as one of the best highways in Malaysia.[6]

Route background

A direction signboard on the northbound lane of Federal Route 3 in Terengganu.

The Federal Route 3 is one of the three north–south backbone federal highways in Peninsular Malaysia; the other two are the Federal Routes 1 and 5.[7] Generally, the Federal Route 3 runs mostly along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.[8]

The FT3 highway begins as a divided highway at Johor Bahru Interchange that links with the Federal Route 1, the main trunk road of the central Peninsular Malaysia, at its first kilometer. Then at Kota Tinggi, the FT3 becomes a super two highway until Pekan. However, the FT3 is not a coastal highway yet; it is only at Mersing that the FT3 highway starts to become a coastal highway. At Pekan, the FT3 crosses the Pahang River via the Sultan Abu Bakar Bridge FT3 and proceeds to Kuantan as a divided highway.[8]

At Kuantan, the FT3 concurrents with Gambang–Kuantan Highway FT2 briefly from Exit 254 Jalan Pekan Interchange to Exit 253 Pandan Interchange before the FT3 is diverted to Kuantan Bypass FT3. The Kuantan Bypass FT3 continues as the Kuantan–Kuala Terengganu Road FT3 that runs along the coastline of Terengganu. At Kuala Terengganu, the FT3 highway is diverted to Kuala Terengganu–Kota Bharu Road FT3 that runs along the northern interior region of Terengganu and the plains of northern Kelantan. At Kota Bharu, the FT3 crosses the Kelantan River via the Sultan Yahya Petra Bridge FT3 to Wakaf Bharu before running along the west bank of the Kelantan River to Pasir Mas. At Pasir Mas, the FT3 highway is diverted west towards Rantau Panjang at the Malaysia–Thailand border. At the Malaysia–Thailand border, the FT3 highway crosses the Golok River via the Rantau Panjang–Sungai Golok Bridge and continues as Sungai Padi Road (Route 4056) and Route 42 in Thailand.[8]

History

Federal Route 3 at Kuala Terengganu at night

The Federal Route 3 began as an 8 miles (13 km) short road from Johor Bahru to Sungai Pandan, which formed the present-day Tebrau Highway FT3. It was constructed in 1866 by Dato' Muhamad Salleh bin Perang (also known as Dato' Bentara Luar).[1] The road was later extended to Kota Tinggi, which was completed in 1919.[9] Meanwhile, in 1915, the Kuala Terengganu–Kota Bharu Road FT3 was constructed, which was completed in 1923.[10][11]

In 1911, the state government of Johor collaborated with the British colonial government to develop a road network from Johor Bahru to Batu Pahat and Muar.[12] As a result, the Batu Pahat–Kluang–Mersing Road was completed in 1919,[9] where the section from Jemaluang to Mersing formed a part of the present-day Federal Route 3.[1] At the same time, another section of road between Kota Tinggi to Jemaluang was constructed to link between both Johor Bahru–Kota Tinggi Road FT3 and Jemaluang–Mersing FT3.[9] In 1939, the Kuantan–Kuala Terengganu Road FT3 and the Kuantan–Pekan Road FT3 (up until Peramu at the north bank of the Pahang River) was constructed.[11][13]

Unlike major roads in western states of Malaya, the construction progress of the Federal Route 3 was sluggish, due to the lack of economic resources in the eastern states of Malaya. As a result, a gap between Pekan to Endau existed due to very scarce population and swampy terrain.[1] To fill in the gap, the first post-independent Malaysian Minister of Works, Tun V.T. Sambanthan, requested the federal government to allocate a large amount of budget to fund the construction of newer rural roads, as well as the rehabilitation of existing roads. The construction of newer rural road network grew from 400 miles (644 km) in 1961 to 700 miles (1,127 km) in the next year. Among these, the longest road projects were the Pekan–Kuala Rompin Road FT3 and Endau–Kuala Rompin Road FT3, both completed in 1962.[2] The completion of both roads had thus concluded the construction of the entire Federal Route 3.[1]

Like its west coastal counterpart, the construction of the Federal Route 3 required a lot of longer bridges. As a result, some major bridges such as the Sultan Yahya Petra Bridge FT3 in Kota Bharu and the Sultan Abu Bakar Bridge in Pekan were constructed as toll bridges to help recovering the construction costs. The Sultan Yahya Petra Bridge FT3 was built in 1962 and was opened on 17 April 1965,[14] while the Sultan Abu Bakar Bridge FT3 was built in 1968 and was opened on 28 February 1970.[15] Meanwhile, another major bridge along the FT3, the Pulau Rusa Bridge FT3 near Kuala Terengganu, was constructed in 1960.[16]

On 1 September 1974, the Kuantan Port Authority was established to build the Kuantan Port. The construction began in 1976 and was fully opened in 1984.[17] As a result, a new roadway bypassing Kuantan was built in order to reduce the road congestion in Kuantan as well as to minimize the road damage caused by heavy vehicles commuting to Kuantan Port.[1] The Kuantan Bypass FT3 was later being upgraded into a divided highway in 2005, which was completed in 2007.[18]

The entire section of the FT3 highway forms the Malaysian section of the Asian Highway Route AH18.[4] As a result, sections of the Federal Route 3 are progressively being upgraded to either super two highways or divided highways.[1] Besides, the Federal Route 3 remains popular as a scenic coastal route of the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is unaffected by the presence of the East Coast Expressway Phase 2 (ECE2) E8, due to the fact that the FT3 highway has been recognized by the National Geographic Society as one of the top 10 coastal highways in Asia.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "FTRoadpedia Pantai Timur Part 3: Sejarah lengkap Jalan Persekutuan 3". Blog Jalan Raya Malaysia. 2017-03-26. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
  2. ^ a b Ummadevi, Suppiah (2003). "8" (PDF). Tun V.T. Sambanthan : peranannya dalam politik dan kemajuan orang India di Malaysia (Master). Universiti Malaya. p. 146-147. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
  3. ^ "Statistik Jalan (Edisi 2013)". Statistik Jalan. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Public Works Department: 16–64. 2013. ISSN 1985-9619.
  4. ^ a b Asian Highway Database: AH Network in Member Countries Archived 2013-01-25 at the Wayback Machine – The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
  5. ^ a b Drives of a Lifetime: 500 of the World's Most Spectacular Trips. National Geographic. 2010-10-26. ISBN 978-1-4262-0677-1.
  6. ^ Suliati Asri (2013-11-07). "Wajib singgah Pasar Payang". Harian Metro (in Malay). Retrieved 2014-07-08.
  7. ^ "Kenali rangkaian laluan tulang belakang negara kita". Blog Jalan Raya Malaysia (in Malay). 2014-11-01. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  8. ^ a b c Inventori Rangkaian Jalan Utama Persekutuan Semenanjung Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Ministry of Works. 2009. ISBN 978-983-44278-2-5.
  9. ^ a b c Abd. Hamid Abd. Majid (1980-05-01). "1.1 – Sejarah Perkembangan Jalanraya Sebelum Merdeka" (PDF). Analisa Rangkaian Jalan Raya dan Kaitannya Dengan Pembangunan Ekonomi (Diploma). Universiti Teknologi MARA. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  10. ^ Roads in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Ministry of Works. 2011. p. 16. ISBN 978-967-5399-17-6.
  11. ^ a b Abd. Hamid Abd. Majid (1980-05-01). "1.1 – Sejarah Perkembangan Jalanraya Sebelum Merdeka" (PDF). Analisa Rangkaian Jalan Raya dan Kaitannya Dengan Pembangunan Ekonomi (Diploma). Universiti Teknologi MARA. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  12. ^ Johore Annual Report 1911
  13. ^ Abd. Hamid Abd. Majid (1980-05-01). "1.1 – Sejarah Perkembangan Jalanraya Sebelum Merdeka" (PDF). Analisa Rangkaian Jalan Raya dan Kaitannya Dengan Pembangunan Ekonomi (Diploma). Universiti Teknologi MARA. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-11-18.
  14. ^ "Perasmian Jambatan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kota Bharu, Kelantan". Hari Ini Dalam Sejarah. National Archives of Malaysia. 1965-04-17. Retrieved 2017-03-27.
  15. ^ "Jambatan Sultan Abu Bakar dirasmikan". Hari Ini Dalam Sejarah. National Archives of Malaysia. 1965-04-17. Retrieved 2017-03-27.
  16. ^ Ahmad Rabiul Zulkifli (2011-07-31). "Pulau hanya ada sebatang ru". Harian Metro.
  17. ^ "Lembaga Pelabuhan Kuantan – Sejarah". Kuantan Port Authority. Retrieved 2017-03-27.
  18. ^ Projek Pembangunan RMKe-9 Kementerian Kerja Raya – Malaysian Ministry of Works. Accessed on 2017-03-27.

See also

Template:Highways of the Malaysian Federal Route 3 Template:Malaysian Federal Roads

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