Interstate 99

Interstate 99
Interstate 99
	I-99 highlighted in red and Future I-99 in blue
Route information
Length	98.34 mi (158.26 km)
Existed	1998–present
NHS	Entire route
Pennsylvania
Length	85.74 mi (137.99 km)
South end	; ; I-70 Toll / I-76 Toll / Penna Turnpike / US 220 near Bedford;
Major intersections	PA 56 near Cessna; US 22 near Altoona; PA 453 in Tyrone; PA 350 near Bald Eagle; US 322 near State College; PA 26 near Pleasant Gap;
North end	I-80 / US 220 / PA 26 in Bellefonte
New York
Length	12.60 mi (20.28 km)
South end	US 15 at the Pennsylvania state line in Lindley
North end	I-86 / NY 17 / US 15 / NY 352 near Painted Post
Location
Country	United States
States	Pennsylvania, New York
Counties	PA: Bedford, Blair, Centre; NY: Steuben
Highway system
	Interstate Highway System; Main; Auxiliary; Suffixed; Business; Future;

Interstate 99 (I-99) is an Interstate Highway in the United States with two segments: one located in central Pennsylvania and the other in southern New York.^[3] The southern terminus of the route is near exit 146 of the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-70/I-76) north of Bedford, where the road continues south as U.S. Route 220 (US 220). The northern terminus of the Pennsylvania segment is at exit 161 of I-80 near Bellefonte. The New York segment follows US 15 from the Pennsylvania–New York border to an interchange with I-86 in Corning. Within Pennsylvania, I-99 passes through Altoona and State College—the latter home to the Pennsylvania State University—and is entirely concurrent with US 220. Long-term plans call for the two segments of I-99 to be connected using portions of I-80, US 220, and US 15 through Pennsylvania.

Unlike most Interstate Highway numbers, which were assigned by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to fit into a grid, I-99's number was written into Section 332 of the National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 by Bud Shuster, then-chair of the U.S. House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, the bill's sponsor, and the representative of the district through which the highway runs. I-99 violates the AASHTO numbering convention associated with Interstate Highways, as it should lie to the east of I-97 but instead lies east of I-79 and west of I-81.

Route description

Lengths
	mi^[1]	km
PA	85.74	137.99
NY	12.60	20.28
Total	98.34	158.26

Pennsylvania

I-99 begins at an indirect interchange with US 220 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-70/I-76) north of Bedford. It begins concurrent with US 220, which continues south from the interchange toward the Maryland state line as a two-lane highway known as the Appalachian Thruway. To access the turnpike, drivers are required to use a short segment of US 220 Business (US 220 Bus.). North of the turnpike junction, the limited-access highway becomes the Bud Shuster Highway as it heads through a rural portion of Bedford County. It connects to Pennsylvania Route 56 (PA 56) just west of Bedford County Airport at exit 3 and PA 869 at exit 7 before crossing into Blair County. Here, it meets PA 164 north of East Freedom at exit 23 prior to entering the Altoona area.^[4]

In Hollidaysburg, a borough south of the city, I-99 and US 220 connect to US 22 at exit 28, a large modified trumpet interchange. This junction allows travelers to head west toward Ebensburg, Johnstown, and Pittsburgh. The freeway continues to Altoona itself, where it indirectly connects to PA 36 via exit 32. Unlike the original routing of US 220 which goes through the city center, I-99 and US 220 mostly bypass it to the east, connecting to the city via streets leading eastward from the downtown district. At the northern edge of Altoona, PA 764 joins the old alignment of US 220 and parallels I-99 north for three miles (4.8 km) toward Bellwood. PA 764 leaves old US 220 about two miles (3.2 km) south of Bellwood, however, and terminates at I-99 exit 39. Bellwood itself is served by exit 41, which leads to PA 865.^[4]

I-99 north near Bald Eagle, Pennsylvania in October 2011

The highway veers northeastward from Bellwood to serve the borough of Tyrone, located at the junction of old US 220 and PA 453. Access to the borough is made by way of exit 48, which serves PA 453. Past Tyrone, I-99 and US 220 head through sparsely populated areas of Blair and Centre counties. For this reason, only three exits exist between Tyrone and State College: exit 52, serving PA 350 and the small community of Bald Eagle, and exits 61 and 62, which connect to US 322 and the borough of Port Matilda. Here, US 322 joins I-99 and US 220 and follows them eastward to the State College area.^[4]

I-99/US 220 northbound at split with US 322 eastbound in College Township, near State College

At exit 68 (US 322 Bus.), I-99 merges into the Mount Nittany Expressway, an older, northerly bypass of State College. I-99, US 220, and US 322 follow the expressway to the Mount Nittany Interchange, a directional T interchange located on the northern fringe of the Pennsylvania State University campus. Beaver Stadium, the home of the Penn State Nittany Lions football team, is visible from I-99 at this point. US 322 continues east through the interchange to follow the Mount Nittany Expressway while I-99 and US 220 split from US 322 and head northeastward toward Pleasant Gap, which I-99 connects to via exit 81 and PA 26. At this point, PA 26 joins the freeway and follows it to Bellefonte, served by exit 83 and PA 550. The southern segment of I-99 ends about 1.75 miles (2.82 km) later at an intersection with Musser Lane though the divided highway continues 0.33 miles (0.53 km) northeast to an interchange with I-80, where PA 26 continues north and US 220 joins I-80 east.^[4]

New York

Looking southward along US 15 (now I-99) from the Smith Road overpass in Presho prior to the road's completion. The highway previously narrowed from four to two lanes in the background

The northern segment of I-99 is entirely concurrent with US 15 and starts at the Pennsylvania–New York border north of Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania. A four-lane freeway through the Steuben County town of Lindley, I-99 crosses through a rock cut, making a large bend to the north and bypassing the hamlet of Presho. The freeway enters a partial cloverleaf interchange with County Route 5 (CR 5; Smith Road). After CR 5, I-99 turns northeast through the town of Erwin, running to the west of the Indian Hills Golf Club. Making a gradual bend further to the northeast, the freeway crosses the Canisteo River and enters the hamlet of Erwins, where it enters a diamond interchange with New York State Route 417 (NY 417; Addison Road). After NY 417, it then turns alongside Norfolk Southern Railway's Southern Tier Line (former Erie Railroad main line). Now paralleling the tracks and NY 417, I-99/US 15 crosses through Erwin, entering exit 11, which connects to NY 417 once again, next to Gang Mills Yard,^[5] the site of former Painted Post station.^[6]

I-99/US 15 entering New York

After Gang Mills Yard, I-99 crosses through the Gang Mills section of Erwin, entering a large interchange at the northern end of the neighborhood. Signed exit 12, this interchange serves CR 107 (Robert Dann Drive) via NY 417. After CR 107, I-99 enters a large interchange that utilizes several flyover ramps between I-99, US 15, I-86, and NY 17 (Southern Tier Expressway). Ramps are also present, connecting to NY 352. This interchange serves as the northern terminus of both I-99 and US 15.^[5]

History

Origins

2002 photo of the I-99 excavation, looking south from Julian at the area where acidic rock was exposed on Bald Eagle Mountain

Corridor O of the Appalachian Development Highway System was assigned in 1965, running from Cumberland, Maryland (Corridor E, now I-68) to Bellefonte (I-80) along US 220.^[7] The portion in Pennsylvania, from Bedford north to Bald Eagle, was upgraded to a freeway in stages from the 1960s to the 1990s. The first section, from US 30 in Bedford to PA 56 near Cessna, opened in the latter half of the 1960s.^[8]^[9] Two more sections—from PA 56 north to modern exit 15 in Blair County and from Charlottsville (exit 45) to Bald Eagle—were completed in the 1970s.^[9]^[10] The portion between exit 15 and Altoona (exit 33) was finished in the 1980s^[10]^[11] while the segment between modern exits 33 and 45 was opened by 1997.^[12]

I-99 and US 220 northbound past PA 865 near Bellwood

In 1991, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) was signed into law.^[13] It included a number of High Priority Corridors, one of which—Corridor 9—ran along US 220 from Bedford to Williamsport, and then north on US 15 to Corning, New York.^[14] The National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 amended ISTEA; among these amendments were that "the portion of the route referred to in subsection (c)(9) [Corridor 9] is designated as Interstate Route I-99".^[15] This was the first Interstate Highway number to be written into law rather than to be assigned by AASHTO. The number was specified by Representative Bud Shuster, who said that the standard spur numbering was not "catchy"; instead, I-99 was named after a street car, No. 99, that took people from Shuster's hometown of Glassport to McKeesport. I-99 violates the AASHTO numbering convention associated with Interstate Highways, since it lies east of I-79 but west of I-81 (the convention suggests that it should be located very close to the Atlantic Ocean, at least east of I-95).^[16]

Designation and Bald Eagle Mountain

On November 6, 1998, AASHTO formally approved the I-99 designation, which initially extended 51.2 miles (82.4 km) from the Pennsylvania Turnpike in Bedford to PA 350 in Bald Eagle.^[2] In 2002, plans were set in motion to extend I-99 northeast from Bald Eagle to State College via Port Matilda.^[17] The extension was fraught with issues, however. The proposed alignment for the highway north to Port Matilda proved to be controversial: while environmentalists called for I-99 to be constructed in the valley below Bald Eagle Mountain, the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and valley residents favored a routing that took the freeway above the valley and along the side of the ridge.^[18] Farther north, the widening of Skytop, the mountain cut that US 322 uses to traverse Bald Eagle Mountain, resulted in the exposure of acidic pyrite rock in 2003.^[17]

2006 photo of the westbound approach to the Mount Nittany Interchange on westbound US 322. The blank spots on the overhead signs were reserved for I-99 shields, which have since been put up.

Work on the segment ceased one year later^[17] as PennDOT attempted to stop the flow of acidic runoff from the site. The state remedied the situation by removing 1,000,000 cubic yards (760,000 m³) of pyrite and replacing it with a mix of limestone and fill, a process that took two years and cost $83 million (equivalent to $124 million in 2023^[19]).^[16] With the environmental issues settled, construction resumed on the portion of the freeway south of Skytop Mountain. The section from Bald Eagle to Port Matilda was opened to traffic on December 17, 2007,^[20] while the remaining section between Port Matilda and the west end of the Mount Nittany Expressway near State College was completely opened on November 17, 2008.^[17] In all, the Bald Eagle–State College section of I-99 cost $631 million (equivalent to $877 million in 2023^[19]) to construct.^[16]

I-99 was extended northeastward to meet I-80 northeast of Bellefonte following the completion of the Bald Eagle–State College segment. The connection was made by way of the preexisting Mount Nittany Expressway and another, unnamed limited-access highway connecting the State College bypass to the Bellefonte area.^[16] The portion of the latter highway north of the PA 26 interchange was originally built in the 1970s as a two-lane freeway connecting Pleasant Gap to I-80. At the time, it was designated solely as PA 26.^[9]^[10] It was widened to four lanes in 1997. The piece connecting the PA 26 freeway to the Mount Nittany Expressway was completed in 2002. US 220 was rerouted via US 322 and the new road, and the old alignment of US 220 north of US 322 was designated US 220 Alternate (US 220 Alt.) on May 30, 2003.^[21]

Further north, one short segment of two-lane highway remained between Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania, and Presho, New York, almost entirely within New York. In the early 2010s, five miles (8.0 km) of new freeway was constructed to connect the existing freeway segments. This provided through traffic with a continuous freeway from Williamsport, Pennsylvania, to Corning, New York, and removed traffic from the overburdened two-lane section of US 15, which was retired to county route status as CR 115. On June 27, 2014, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced that the Interstate-grade US 15 freeway from the Pennsylvania border to I-86 in Corning was officially signed as I-99.^[3]

Future

"Future I-99 Corridor" sign on US 15 southbound north of Williamsport

Though there is no specific date for completion: long-term plans call for the two segments of I-99 to be connected via US 220 from Bellefonte to Williamsport, running concurrent with I-80 as US 220 currently does, and continue northward along US 15 from Williamsport to the New York border. The entire portion of US 15 involved has been upgraded to Interstate Highway standards in anticipation of the I-99 designation, but some sections of US 220 still require upgrades, primarily in the vicinity of both interchanges with I-80 and between Jersey Shore and Linden. Signs have been erected along the present US 220 and US 15 between Bellefonte and Corning marking the route as the "Future I-99 Corridor".^[22] Some of this section of road has also received exit number designations. On October 30, 2024, AASHTO approved the I-99 designation between Williamsport and the New York border.^[23]

PennDOT has plans to build a high-speed interchange connecting I-99 to I-80 near Bellefonte. The new interchange will eliminate local access between PA 26 (Jacksonville Road) and I-80, which will be provided by a new exit two miles (3.2 km) to the east. The first phase of the project built the local access interchange between PA 26 and I-80. Construction on the local access interchange began on July 27, 2020. The local access interchange was opened to traffic on November 10, 2022, with a ribbon-cutting ceremony held.^[24]^[25] The local access interchange between PA 26 and I-80 was funded in part by a $35-million federal grant, with a total estimated cost of $52 million. The second phase of the project will make improvements to Jacksonville Road between the new interchange and the junction between I-80, and the third phase will build the high-speed interchange between I-80 and I-99. Bidding on the second and third phases was planned to begin in March 2022, with the improvements to Jacksonville Road to be finished by December 2023 and the high-speed interchange to be completed by December 2025.^[26] Ultimately, the bid for the high-speed interchange was opened by PennDOT on June 7, 2024. Construction began in September 2024 with anticipated completion at the time being in 2030.^[27] The improvements to Jacksonville Road are also scheduled to begin construction in 2024 with anticipated completion in 2026.^[28]

During a 2002 taskforce meeting for I-99, it was suggested that I-390, which extends north from I-86 24 miles (39 km) west of the I-86/I-99 junction near Corning and which crosses I-90 and terminates in the greater Rochester metropolitan area, be redesignated as I-99 once the I-80 to I-86 portion of that route is completed. The idea posits that I-390 is a logical extension of the I-99 corridor because I-99's predecessor, US 15, originally extended to Rochester. No official moves to accomplish this have been taken.

Exit list

State	County	Location	mi^[29]^[30]	km	Exit	Destinations	Notes
Pennsylvania	Bedford	Bedford Township	0.000	0.000	1	I-70 Toll / I-76 Toll / Penna Turnpike – Pittsburgh, Harrisburg US 220 south to US 30 – Cumberland	Southern end of US 220 concurrency; roadway continues beyond terminus as US 220; indirect connection to I-70/I-76/Penna Turnpike exit 146 (Bedford) via US 220 Bus.
		Bedford Township	2.892	4.654	3	PA 56 (US 220 Bus. south) – Johnstown, Cessna
		East St. Clair Township	6.597	10.617	7	PA 869 – St. Clairsville, Osterburg	Low clearance at exit
		King Township	10.112	16.274	10	Blue Knob State Park
	Blair	Greenfield Township	14.900	23.979	15	Claysburg, King	Access via US 220 Bus. north
		Freedom Township	22.798	36.690	23	PA 36 / PA 164 to US 22 east – Roaring Spring, Portage, Hollidaysburg
		Allegheny Township	28.045	45.134	28	US 22 – Ebensburg, Hollidaysburg
		Logan Township	30.507	49.096	31	Plank Road (US 220 Bus.)	Access to Logan Valley Mall
			31.803	51.182	32	To PA 36 (Frankstown Road)	Access to Lakemont Park and Peoples Natural Gas Field
			32.921	52.981	33	17th Street	Access to Logan Town Centre
		Antis Township	38.521	61.994	39	PA 764 south – Pinecroft	Northern terminus of PA 764
			41.193	66.294	41	PA 865 north – Bellwood	Southern terminus of PA 865
			45.004	72.427	45	Tipton, Grazierville	Access to DelGrosso's Amusement Park
		Tyrone	47.529	76.491	48	PA 453 – Tyrone
		Snyder Township	51.592	83.029	52	PA 350 (US 220 Bus. south) – Bald Eagle, Philipsburg
	Centre	Worth Township	61.437	98.873	61	Port Matilda	Access via US 220 Alt. north
		Worth Township	62.243	100.170	62	US 322 west – Philipsburg	Southern end of US 322 concurrency; southbound exit and northbound entrance; northbound exit is via exit 61
		Patton Township	68.993	111.033	68	Grays Woods, Waddle
			69.706	112.181	69	US 322 Bus. east (Atherton Street)	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
			70.200	112.976	69	Valley Vista Drive – Park Forest	Southbound exit and northbound entrance
			71.122	114.460	71	Toftrees, Woodycrest
		College Township	73.944	119.001	73	US 322 east – State College, Lewistown	Northern end of US 322 concurrency
		College Township	75.067	120.809	74	Innovation Park, Penn State University	Northbound exit is part of exit 73; access via Park Avenue; access to Beaver Stadium and Bryce Jordan Center
		Benner Township	76.484	123.089	76	Shiloh Road
		Benner Township	78.991	127.124	78	PA 150 – Bellefonte	Signed as 78A (south) and 78B (north)
		Spring Township	81.232	130.730	80	Harrison Road	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
			81.728	131.528	81	PA 26 south to PA 64 – Pleasant Gap	Southern end of PA 26 concurrency
			83.605	134.549	83	PA 550 – Bellefonte, Zion
			85.780	138.050		Township Road T425-4 (Musser Lane) US 220 north / PA 26 north	Northern end of I-99 signage at Musser Lane; southern end Future I-99; roadway continues as US 220
Gap in designation, connection made via I-80, US 220, and US 15
New York	Steuben	Lindley	0.00	0.00		US 15 south – Mansfield	Northern terminus of Future I-99; Pennsylvania state line
		Lindley	6.36	10.24	6	CR 5 – Presho
		Erwin	8.16	13.13	8	NY 417 – Erwin, Addison
			11.12	17.90	11	NY 417 – Gang Mills
			11.69	18.81	12	Robert Dann Drive (CR 107)	Southbound exit and northbound entrance
			12.10	19.47	12	I-86 west / NY 17 west (Southern Tier Expressway) – Jamestown, Rochester	Northbound exit and southbound entrance; exit 44 on I-86/NY 17
			12.68– 13.08	20.41– 21.05	13	I-86 east / NY 17 east (Southern Tier Expressway) / NY 352 – Corning, Binghamton, Riverside US 15 ends	Northbound exit and southbound entrance; signed as exits 13A (I-86) and 13B (NY 352)
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus Incomplete access