Zimbabwe National Roads Administration

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The Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA) is a Zimbabwean parastatal responsible for the management, maintenance and development of Zimbabwe's national road network.

Background

The Zimbabwe National Road Administration (ZINARA) falls under the Ministry of Transport, Communication and Infrastructural Development and was established in August 2001, in terms of the Roads Act of 2001 with the aim of enhancing road network system throughout the Zimbabwe.[1]

ZINARA's vision and mission is to become a world class road manager, providing secure, stable and adequate reservoir of funds, to fund effectively maintenance of the national road network through fixing, collection, disbursement and monitoring of funds usage for preservation, enhancement and sustainable development.[2]

Governance

ZINARA is run under the Ministry of Transport, Communication and Infrastructural Development

ZINARA consists of a part-time Board of Directors which serves for a three-year period, and a full-time CEO.[3] It has 12 board members and 7 senior managers in 7 departments.[4]

Road Authorities

The Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA) is responsible for managing the Road Fund and disbursing the local road authorities. The local road authorities are:

  • The Department of Roads in the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Development which is responsible for trunk roads.
  • The Urban Councils responsible for urban roads.
  • The Rural District Councils (RDC) and the District Development Fund (DDF) which are responsible rural roads.[5][6]

Road Network

The road network excluding urban roads totals 76,241 km of which 9,256 km or 12.1% are bitumen surfaced.[7][8]

Road Network Thursday, 1 November 2012 10:31 Most of these roads are more than 30 years and therefore requires complete rehabilitation works. ZINARA has in the past 9 years been able to fund the routine and periodic maintenance countrywide.

Road Categories

Classified roads fall under three categories.[9]

  1. Regional Trunk Road Network (RTRN):
    Roads linking countries within southern African region.
  2. Secondary Roads:
    Those roads that connect regional, primary, tertiary and urban roads, industrial and mining centers, tourist attractions and minor border posts are the secondary roads.
  3. Tertiary Roads:
    Those roads which provide access to schools, health centers, dip tanks and other service facilities within a rural district council area or connect and provide access to secondary, primary and regional roads.

Total Road Network in Zimbabwe is 87,654 km which include the paved or unpaved, the urban, rural and state roads.

  • State Highways 18,460 km
  • Urban Roads 8,194 km
  • Rural Roads 61,000 km

Road Names

Road and Route numbers in Zimbabwe may differ depending on the route concerned.

Previously, national routes were denoted with the letter "A" followed by a number indicating the specific route. Today the "A" numbers are just Map Reference Numbers known by not much of the populace. (The term "national road" is frequently used to refer to a national route, but technically a "national road" is any road overseen by the ZINARA. A national road need not necessarily form part of a national route. )

Today primary roads on Zimbabwe are denoted with the letter "P" followed by a number indicating the specific route. Primary roads which are regional road corridors are denoted with the letter "R" followed by a number indicating the internal regional road corridor.

Unlike in South Africa where routes are clearly numbered and labeled as such, most roads in Zimbabwe are publicly known by their common names or destinations.

Zimbabwe “A” Highways (1975)

SOURCES: [Automobile Association Map 1975][10]

[Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.][11]

List Number Map Section Number Trunk Road Number Common Name
1 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway
2 A2 R4 Harare-Nyamapanda Highway
3 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway
4 A4 R1 Harare-Beitbridge Highway
5 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway
6 A6 R9 Beitbridge-Gwanda Highway
7 A7 R2 Bulawayo Plumtree Highway
8 A8 R9 Victoria Falls Highway
9 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Highway
10 A10 P5 Ngundu-Tanganda Road
11 A11 P1 Harare-Mt Darwin Highway
12 A12 - Mazowe=Centenary Highway
13 A13 - Harare-Shamva Highway
14 A14 - Rusape-Juliusdale Highway
15 A15 - Mutare-Nyanga Highway
16 A16 - Birchenough Bridge-Chipinga Highway
17 A17 R7 Gweru-Mvuma Highway
18 A18 - Gweru-Shurugwi
19 M15 Highway P12 Makuti-Kariba Highway

Primary Roads (Ordinary)

Zimbabwe "A" classified roads as of 1975
Zimbabwe Primary Roads

Source: [Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.][12]

Road Alias Common Name Remarks
P1 - Harare-Mt Darwin-Mukumbura Road The map is not clear on whether P1 is Mt Darwin-Mukumbura Road or Harare-Mukumbura Road via Mt Darwin.
P2 - - -
P3 Marondera-Murehwa Road Macheke-Juru Road
P4 A9 Mutare-Masvingo Road A9 is a combination of this P4 and P7 to form the Mutare-Mbalabala Highway
P5 A10 Ngundu Tanganda Road A10 runs from Ngundu via Triangle to A9 well past Tanganda.
P6 - - -
P7 A9 Masvingo-Mbalabala Road A9 is a combination of this P7 and P4 to the Mutare-Mbalabala Highway
P8 Luveve-Nkayi Road Kwekwe Nkayi Road Luveve is where P8 branches off from the P11 popularly called Kwekwe-Gokwe Highway
P9 - Nkayi-Lupane Road P9 is a continuition of P8 to form the Kwekwe-Lupane Road.
P10 - Lupane loop road P10 branches off from the A8 and runs pararell to it connecting Lupane Centre to the Bulawayo-Victoria Falls Highway
P11 R847 Highway Kwekwe-Gokwe Highway This road eventually reaches Binga however not wholly paved
P12 M15 Highway Makuti-Kariba Highway M15 Highway is an international road that crosses the Zambezi River over the Kariba Dam
P13 - Chegutu-Chinhoyi Highway The P13 links the A1 and the A5 to short cut the Chirundu-Bulawayo route.
P14 - Victoria Falls-Kazungula Road This is the shortest route from Zambia to Botswana

Regional Road Corridors

Source: [Map 9.2 Road Transport Network of Zimbabwe.][13]

Road Alias Common Name Remarks
R1 A4 Harare-Beitbridge Highway
R2 A5 & A7 Harare-Plumtree Highway Two roads forming 1 route
R3 A1 Harare-Chirundu Highway
R4 A2 Harare-Nyamapanda Highway
R5 A3 Harare-Mutare Highway
R6 - Chivhu-Nyazura Highway
R7 A17 Gweru-Mvura Highway
R8 - Rutenga-Sango Road Unpaved
R9 A6 & A8 Victoria Falls-Beitbridge Highway Two roads forming 1 route

SADC Regional Trunk Road Network

Zimbabwe being a member state of SADC, ZINARA works in conjunction with other regional road authorities and it does its part on regional road corridors passing through Zimbabwe.

Regional Trunk Roads Network in Zimbabwe in proportion of total regional trunk roads are as follows:

  • Reference Roads: 1 600 km (Regional total 29 300 km)
  • Intermediate Roads: 1 000 km (Regional total 11 600 km)
  • Branch, Link and Connecting Roads: 1 100 km (Regional total 21 700 km)
  • Total 3 700 km (Regional total 62 600 km)
  • Regional Percentage: 6% (Regional total 100%)

So ZINARA does only 6% of regional trunk roads.

(Source: Revised RIDMP Draft -Annexure 5.6 – Roads.)[14]

SADC Numbered Roads

The regional organization, Southern African Development Community has its own numbered routes which usually are a combination of multiple roads across one or more member countries.

The Southern African Development Community Regional Trunk Road Network (SADC-RTRN) is a system of numbered road corridors in Southern Africa. The most important part of the network is the reference roads, which are major trans-regional routes.[15][16]

Operations

ZINARA’s core business, in consultations with the minister of transport, communication and infrastructural development is fixing road user charges and collect such charges or any other revenue of the road fund.[17][18]

The Zimbabwe National Roads Administration (ZINARA)

  • Fixes the levels of road user charges (RUC).
  • Collects RUC as well as other revenue of the Road Fund.
  • Sets maintenance, design, construction and technical standards.
  • Monitors adherence to such standards by Road Authorities.
  • Allocates and disburse to road authorities funds from the Road Fund in accordingly.
  • Audits the use of funds from the Road Fund.
  • Monitors implementation of road maintenance works by Road Authorities.
  • Assists Road Authorities in making annual or multi-year road maintenance rolling plans.

Road Fund

The Road Fund was established in terms of the Roads Act of 2001 with the objective to provide a stable, adequate, secure and sustainable source of funding for road maintenance work in Zimbabwe. The Road Fund comes from, Road user charges, Appropriations from Parliament and Grants. The fund is then used for routine and periodic road maintenance of roads and other roads related projects approved by the ZINARA Board.[19]

The main source of ZINARA funds are the vehicle licence fees (30%), fuel levy (28%), toll roads (21%) and transit fees (19%). Toll roads fees could be the main contributor now because the toll gates have risen from 23 as of 2011 to 36 as of December 2015 nationwide. [20]

International Transit Tolls

International transit tolls are collected from foreign buses and heavy goods vehicles at border posts as they enter Zimbabwe. These cross-border charges are levied according to the distance each vehicle is to travel while inside Zimbabwe. International transit coupons are purchased in advance in foreign currency, and the revenue is paid to ZINARA. Each transit vehicle along the RTRN is issued a permit which states the destination of that particular vehicle. Local and foreign light motor vehicles, as well as on local heavy motor vehicles entering Zimbabwe except those with coupons paid in advance, are levied with the Road Access Toll at all border posts. A flat rate, in cash, is charged in accordance with the vehicle category.[21]

Toll Gates

Most highways linking cities are now toll roads following the construction of 36 toll plazas throughout the country.[22][23] These are State of art tollgates are the first in the world to be 100% self-sufficient and solar powered.

Toll Points Table

Plaza number Map Section Number Trunk Road Number Common Name Toll Plaza Location Nearest Center
1 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway Ruwa 35.11 km from Harare
2 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway Crocodile 14 km from Rusape
3 A3 R5 Harare-Mutare Highway Riverside 18 km from Mutare
4 A2 R4 Harare-Nyamapanda Highway Enterprise Road 20 km from Harare
5 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway Inkomo 43 km from Harare
6 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway Lions' Den 22 km from Chinhoyi
7 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway Norton 44.5 km from Harare
8 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway Kadoma 14 km from Kadoma
9 A4 R1 Harare-Beitbridge Highway Skyline 19 km from Harare
10 A4 R1 Harare-Beitbridge Highway Mushagashi 32 km from Masvingo
11 A11 P1 Harare-Mt Darwin Highway Eskbank 18 km from Harare
12 A5 R2 Harare-Bulawayo Highway Treetop 17 km from Gweru
13 A5 R2 Bulawayo-Gweru Cement 17 km from Bulawayo
14 A18 - Gweru-Shurugwi Flamingo 10 km from Gweru
15 A17 R7 Gweru-Mvuma Highway Sino 37 km from Gweru
16 A7 R2 Bulawayo-Plumtree Highway Figtree 36.8 km from Bulawayo
17 A8 R9 Victoria Falls Highway Cindêrella 6 km from Hwange
18 A8 R9 Victoria Falls Highway Umguza Turn Off 18 km from Bulawayo
19 A6 R9 Beitbridge-Gwanda Highway Naude Quarry 11.7 km from Beitbridge
20 A6 R9 Bulawayo-Beitbridge Highway Esigodini 37 km from Bulawayo
21 A4 R1 Masvingo-Beitbridge Highway Lutumba 23 km from Beitbridge
22 A4 R1 Masvingo-Beitbridge Highway Chivi Turn Off 45 km from Masvingo
23 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Highway Mashayamvura 32 km from Mutare
24 A9 P7 Masvingo-Bulawayo Highway Mashava 54 km from Masvingo
25 - - Harare-Seke Road Seke-Chitungwiza 35.1 km from Harare
26 - - - - - -
27 A4 R1 Harare-Masvingo Highway Honeyspruit Between 126–127 km peg 14 km before Chivhu
28 A4 R1 Masvingo-Beitbridge Highway Mwenezi Between 171–172 km peg

25.5 km from Rutenga||

29 A1 R3 Harare-Chirundu Highway Karoi Between 224.5-225.5 km peg 21 km from Karoi
30 - P14 Victoria Falls-Kazungula Road Kazungula Between 13–14 km peg 13.3 km from

Victoria Falls ||

31 A6 R9 Bulawayo-Beitbridge Highway Colleen Bawn Between 155–156 km peg 29.5 km from Gwanda
32 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Highway Lothian Between 260–261 km peg 37 km before Masvingo
33 A11 P1 Harare-Bindura-Mt.Darwin Highway Mfurudzi Between 112–112 km peg 24 km from

Bindura ||

34 - R6 Chivhu-Nyazura Highway Magamba Between 17.0-18.0 km peg

17.5 km from Chivhu||

35 A10 P5 Ngundu-Tanganda Road Triangle Between 70.5-71.5 km peg 9 km before Triangle
36 A9 P4 Mutare-Masvingo Road Dewure Between 147–148 km peg 22 km from Birchenough Bridge

(Soueces) BigSky.co.zw[24]

See also

References

  1. ^ Company History Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  2. ^ Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  3. ^ ZINARA Governance Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  4. ^ Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  5. ^ Appraisal Report, African Development Bank. December 2013 Zimbabwe: transport sector master plan study TradeMark Southern Africa (TMSA) - Advancing Regional Integration in Southern.|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  6. ^ Road Authorities Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  7. ^ Road Network Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  8. ^ Map 9.1 Road Transport Services and Infrastructure-African African Development Bank|Zimbabwe Report. Chapter 9|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  9. ^ Chapter 9 Road Transport Services and Infrastructure-African African Development Bank|Zimbabwe Report. Chapter 9|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  10. ^ AARoadMapOfRhodesia1975 AA Road Map of Rhodesia1975 Archived 4 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine Archive of Rhodesia | AA Road Map of Rhodesia 1975 | Retrieved 23 April 2016
  11. ^ African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 23 April 2016
  12. ^ African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  13. ^ African Development Bank Chapter 9: Road Transport Services and Infrastructure - African African Development Bank|Documents|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  14. ^ |SADC Infrastructure Investment Conference 2013 | Table 2.1 Regional Trunk Roads Network Invest-tripatite.org|wp-content|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  15. ^ SADC Regional Trunk Road Network OpenStreetMap|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  16. ^ Map North South Corridor (Africa) Reingex.com|Images|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  17. ^ What ZINARA does Zinara.co.zw|Index|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  18. ^ Stephani. 102307 SADC RUC Final Report 22 June 2007 | |Implementation of Harmonized RUC System in the SADC Region |3.13 Zimbabwe Trademark.org|Files|Retrieved 12 April 2016
  19. ^ |Infrastructure and Growth In Zimbabwe An Action Plan for Sustained Strong Economic Growth | 9.3 Road Transport Services. Page209 African Development Bank|Southern Africa|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  20. ^ Report on ARMFA.18 November 2011 |ARMFA_Focal_Group_REPORT |5.0 Country Reports and Discussions. 5.1 Zimbabwe. Roadfund.org|Documents|Retrieved 15 April 2016
  21. ^ |Infrastructure and Growth In Zimbabwe An Action Plan for Sustained Strong Economic Growth | 9.3 Road Transport Services. Page209 African Development Bank|Southern Africa|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  22. ^ Eng. Moses Julius Juma. 23 February 2015 | UPDATED_Armfa_Feb_2015 | Page 6. Map showing current tolling points armfa.net|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  23. ^ Eng. Moses Julius Juma. 23 February 2015 | UPDATED_Armfa_Feb_2015 | Page 52. Map showing future tolling points to be put up by end of year 2015 armfa.net|Retrieved 13 April 2016
  24. ^ Big SK. 7 December 2011 10 New Toll gates Bigsky.co.zw|Blog|Retrieved 13 April 2016