Trans-European Motorways
The Trans-European Motorways (abbreviated "TEM") are a project of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe of sub-regional cooperation among Central, Eastern and South Eastern European countries regarding transport infrastructure.[1] The Trans-European Railway (abbreviated "TER") is the twin project for the railway.
Its members are Armenia, Austria (associate member), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey.[2] Montenegro, Serbia, Sweden and Ukraine have observer status.[1]
The TEM Project was established in 1977 and it is still an active program planning for the future.[3]
Its main goal is to ease road transport in Europe, and to reduce differences between motorway networks.[4]
The TEM network contains more than 25,000 kilometers of roads. 65% of these roads have reached the full motorway standard.[4]
There is a coordinated master plan for the TEM and the TER.[5]
Backbone Network
Revised TEM Master Plan backbone network[5]
Albania
A 1: Morina – Kukes – crossing of 2 roads Lezhe/Fushe Kruja
A 2: Fier – Vlore
SH1:
Hani i Hotit – Shkoder – Fushe Kruja – Tirana
SH2: Tirana – Durres
SH3:
Kapshtica – Pogradec – Perrenjas – Elbasan
SH4:
Kakavija – Gjirokaster – Fier – Rrogozhine – Durres
SH7: Rrogozhine – Elbasan
SH9: Perrenjas – Qafe Thana
Armenia
Մ1:
Bavra – Gyumri – Yerevan
Մ2: Yerevan – Ararat – Vayk – Goris – Meghri
Մ3: Vanadzor – Yerevan
Մ6:
Bagratashen – Vanadzor
Austria
A 1:
Salzburg – Sattledt – Linz – Wien
A 2: Wien – Graz – Villach – Arnoldstein
A 4:
Nickelsdorf – Parndorf – Wien
A 5: Wien – Drasenhofen
A 6:
Kittsee – Parndorf
A 7: Linz – Gallneukirchen
A 9: Sattledt – St. Michael – Graz – Spielfeld
A 11: Villach – Karawanken Tunnel
S 10: Gallneukirchen – Wullowitz
Azerbaijan
M-1: Baku – Sumgayit – Samur
M-2: Baku – Alat – Ganja – Gazakh – Boyuk – Red bridge
M-3: Alat – Astara
M-6: Alat – Horadiz – Agband
M-7: Nakhchivan – Sadarak
M-8:
Kerchivan – Nakhchivan
Belarus
M 1:
Novaja Zjamlja – Minsk – Brest
M 5: Minsk – Homyel
M 6: Dory – Minsk
M 7:
Kamenny Loh – Dory
M 8:
Ezerische – Vitebsk – Homyel – Novaja Guta
Bosnia and Herzegovina
A 1: Bijaca – Sarajevo – Lasva – Zenica – Bosanski Samac
A 2: Bihac – Jajce – Travnik – Lasva
M-5: Izacic (HRV) – Bihac
M-5: Sarajevo – Jarcedoli
M-16: Jajce – Bregovi
M-18: Sarajevo – Lukavica
M-18:
Grab – Trnovo
A 1: Laktasi – Gradiska
M-101:
Bregovi – Banja Luka – Laktasi
- File:M111-BIH.svg M-111:
Lukavica – Grab
- File:M111-BIH.svg M-111:
Trnovo – Foca – Hum (MNE)
- File:M114-BIH.svg M-114:
Jarcedoli – Visegrad – Vardiste
Bulgaria
A 1: Sofia – Orizovo – Stara Zagora – Sliven – Burgas
A 2: Sofia – Botevgrad – Yablanisa – Bjala – Sumen – Varna
A 4: Svilengrad – Kapitan Andreevo
A 3: Sofia – Daskalovo – Kulata
A 5: Burgas – Varna
A 6:
Kalotina – Sofia
I-1:
Vidin – Botevgrad
I-5:
Ruse – Bjala – Haskovo
I-6: Daskalovo – Gjusevo
I-9: Varna – Durankulak
I-17: Botevgrad
I-80: Svilengrad – Novo Selo
Croatia
A1: Zagreb – Karlovac – Bosiljevo – Zadar – Split – Ploce
A2:
Macelj – Zagreb
A3:
Bregana – Zagreb – Lipovac {{flagicon|SRB}]
A4: Zagreb - Gorican
A5: Slavonski Samac – Osijek – Knezevo
A6: Rijeka - Bosiljevo - Karlovac
A7:
Rupa – Matuliji - Rijeka
A8: Kanfanar - Pazin - Matulji
A9: Pula - Kanfanar – Plovanija
A10:
Metkovic – Ploce
D1: Karlovac – Slunj – Knin – Split – Ploce
D5: Okucani – Donji Varos
D217 Licko Petrovo Selo –
Czechia
D 1: Praha – Brno – Hranice – Ostrava – Vernovice
D 2: Brno – Lanzhot
D 3: Praha – Dolni Dvoriste
D 5:
Rozvadov – Praha
D 8: Praha – Cinovec
D 11: Praha – Hradec Kralove – Jermer – Kralovec
D 48: Hranice – Cesky Tesin
D 52:
Mikulov – Brno
Georgia
ს 1: Leselidze
– Senaki – Khashuri – Tbilisi
ს 2: Sarpi (TUR) – Poti – Senaki
ს 3: Larsi (RUS) – Tbilisi
ს 4: Tbilisi – Tsiteli Khidi
ს 7: Tbilisi – Sadakhlo (ARM)
ს 8: Arali (TUR) – Akhaltsikhe – Khashuri
ს 9: Tbilisi bypass
Greece
A 1: Evzoni (MKD) – Chalastra – Klidi – Athinai
A 2: Igoumenitsa – Ioannina – Paleokastro – Kozani – Klidi – Chalastra – Thessaloniki – Alexandroupoli – Peplos – Kipi (TUR)
A 5: Patra – Rio – Agrinio – Ioannina – Ktismata (ALB)
A 6: Athens
A 7: Korinthos – Tripolis – Kalamata
A 8: Rio – Korinthos – Athinai
A 25:Thessaloniki - Promachonas (BGR)
A 27: Kozani - Niki (MKD)
A 29: Paleokastro – Kastora – Kristalopigi (ALB)
A 71: Githeion - Sparta - Tripolis
EO51: Peplos – Ormenio (BGR)
Hungary
M0: Budapest
M1: Hegyeshalom (AUT) – Level – Gyor – Budapest
M2: Budapest – Vac – Hont
M3: Budapest – Istvanmajor – Gorbehaza – Nyiregyhaza – Zahony
M6: Udvar – Budapest
M7:
Letenye – Nagkanizsa – Budapest
M15: Level - Rajka
M30: Istvanmajor – Miskolc – Tornyosnemeti (SVK)
M31: Budapest
M43: Szeged – Nagylak (ROU)
M70: Tornyiszentmiklos - Letenye
Italy
A 4: Biandrate – Milano – Brescia – Padova – Palmanova – Trieste
A 10: Ventimiglia
– Genova
A 13: Padova – Bologna
A 14: Bologna – Cesena – Bari
A 21: Torino – Alessandria – Brescia
A 23: Palmanova – Coccau
A 26: Genova – Alessandria – Vercelli – Biandrate – Borgomanero – Ornavasso
RA 13: Trieste
RA 14: Trieste – Fernetti
T 4:
– Bardonecchia
A 32: Bardonecchia – Torino
A 55: Torino
SS 16: Fasano – Bari
SS 33: Ornavasso – Domodossola – Iselle
SS 379: Brindisi – Fasano
Lithuania
A 1: Klaipeda – Sitkunai – Kaunas – Vilnius
A 2: Panevezys – Vilnius
A 3: Vilnius – Medininkai
A 5: Sangruda
– Marijampole - Kaunas
A 7: Kybartai
– Marijampole
A 8: Sitkunai – Panevezys
A 9: Siauliai – Panevezys
A 10: Panevezys – Salociai
A 11: Palanga – Siauliai
A 13: Klaipeda – Palanga
A 17: Panevezys bypass
Moldova
Montenegro
A-1: Bar – Podgorica – Bijelo Polje – Metanjac (SRB)
M-3: Donje Krusevo (BIH) – Podgorica – Bozaj (ALB)
North Macedonia
A-1: Tabanovce (SRB) – Kumanovo – Miladinovci – Veles – Gevgelija (GRC)
A-2: Mali Vlaj (ALB) – Struga – Podmolje
A-2: Izvor – Skopje – Miladinovci
A-2: Kumanovo – Kriva Palanka (BGR)
A-3: Podmolje – Ohrid - Bitola – Veles
A-3: Medzitlija (GRC) – Bitola
- Debar (ALB) – Izvor
Poland
A 1: Gorzyczki (CZE) – Katowice – Pyrzowice – Piotrkow Trybunalski – Lodz – Gdansk
A 2: Swiecko (DEU) – Poznan – Warszawa
A 2: Warszawa – Terespol (BLR)
A 4: Jedrzychowice (DEU) – Krzyzowa – Wroclaw – Katowice – Krakow – Rzeszow – Korczowa (UKR)
A 18: Olszyna
– Krzyzowa
S 1: Zwardon (SVK) – Zywiec – Bielsko Biala – Kosztowy – Pyrzowice
S 2: Warszawa
S 3: Lubawka (CZE) – Bolkow – Legnica – Zielona Gora – Gorzow Wielkopolski – Szczecin - Swinoujscie
S 5: Wroclaw – Poznan – Bydgoszcz – Grudziadz (A1)
S 7: Chyzne
– Krakow – Kielce – Warszawa – Elblag – Gdansk
S 8: Wroclaw – Lodz
S 8: Piotrkow Trybunalski – Warszawa – Ostrow Mazowiecka – Bialystok
S 12: Piaski – Dorohusk (UKR)
S 17: Hrebenne (UKR) – Plaski – Lublin – Warszawa
S 19: Barwinek
– Rzeszow
S 19: Rzeszow – Lublin – Miedzyrzec Podlaski – Bialystok – Kuznica Bialostocka
S 22: Elblag – Grzechotki (RUS)
S 61: Ostrow Mazowiecka – Lomza – Elk – Suwalki – Budzisko
S 52: Cieszyn (CZE) – Bielsko Biala
Romania
A 1: Nadlac (HUN) – Timisoara – Lugoj – Deva – Sebes – Sibiu – Bucuresti
A 2: Bucuresti – Constanta
A 3: Zalau – Cluj Napoca – Brasov – Ploiesti – Bucuresti
A 4: Vama Veche (BGR) - Constanta
A 5: Giurgiu (BGR) – Bucuresti
A 6: Lugoj – Calafat – Craiova – Rosiori de Vede – Bucuresti
A 7: Bucuresti – Marasesti – Bacau – Suceava – Siret (UKR)
A 9: Moravita (SRB) - Timisoara
DN1H: Zalau – Negreni
DN1C: Negreni – Baia Mare – Halmeu (UKR)
DN24: Marasesti – Albita (MDA)
- (BGR) – Calafat
Russia
M 1: Krasnoye (BLR) – Smolensk – Moskva
M 3: Kalinovka (UKR) – Brjansk – Moskva
M 4: Mayskiy – Rostov na Donu – Pavlovskaya – Krasnodar
M 4: Novorossiysk - Dschugba
M 7: Moskva – Nizhny Novgorod
M 8: Moskva – Jaroslavl – Vologda
M 11: Moskva – St. Petersburg
A 146: Krasnodar – Verkhnebakansky
A 146: Verkhnebakansky – Novorossiysk
A 147: Dschugba – Adler (GEO)
A 161: Vladikavkaz – Verkhniy Lars (GEO)
A 229: Kaliningrad – Nesterov – Chernyshevskoye (LTU)
A 260: Donetsk (UKR) – Kamensk-Shakhtinskiy – Morozovsk – Volgograd
A 270: Novoshakhtinsk (UKR) – Mayskiy
R 22: Borisoglebsk – Saratov
R 22: Volgograd – Astrakhan
R 22: Volgograd – Borisoglebsk – Tambov – Moskva
R 23: Lobok (BLR) – Pskov – St. Petersburg
R 215: Makhachkala – Astrakhan
R 217: Pavlovskaya – Pyatigorsk – Vladikavkaz – Groznyy – Makhachkala
R 217: Novogaptsakh (AZE) – Makhachkala
R 298: Kursk – Voronezh – Borisoglebsk
- E28: Mamonovo (POL) – Kaliningrad
- E38: Kozino (UKR) – Kursk
- E40: Astrakhan – Karaozek (KAZ)
Serbia
A1: Horgos – Novi Sad – Beograd – Batocina – Nis – Leskovac – Presevo (MKD)
A2: Boljare (MNE) – Uzice – Pozega – Beograd
A3: Batrovci – Beograd
A4: Nis – Dimitrovgrad
A5: Čačak – Kraljevo – Nis
A10: Mokra Gora (BIH) – Užice – Čačak
M15 Batocina – Kragujevac – Kraljevo
Slovakia
D1: Bratislava – Trnava – Zilina – Presov – Kosice – Vysne Nemecke (UKR)
D2: Rusovce – Bratislava – Kuty
D3: Zilina – Svcinovec – Skalite (POL)
D4: Petrzalka (AUT) - Bratislava
R3: Sahy – Zvolen - Ruzomberok – Dolny Kubin – Trstena (POL)
R4: Milhost (HUN) – Kosice
R4: Presov – Vysny Komarnik (POL)
Slovenia
A1: Koper – Divaca - Ljubljana - Maribor – Sentilj
A2: Ljubljana – Novo Mesto – Obrezje
A2: Ljubljana - Jesenice
A3:
Sezana – Divaca
A4: Gruskovje – Maribor
A5: Maribor - Pince
H5: Dragonja - Smarje – Koper
G6: Postojna – Jelsane
- Divaca - Jelsane
Turkey
O.2: Istanbul
O.3: Kapikule (BGR) – Istanbul
O.4: Istanbul – Gerede – Ankara
O.5: Izmir – Balikesir – Bursa – Yalova – Gebze
O.6: Tekirdag – Kinali 1 junction
O.20: Ankara
O.21: Ankara – Tarsus
O.21A: Eregli – E 90 road junction
O.30: Izmir
O.31: Denizli – Aydin – Izmir
O.32: Cesme – Izmir
O.51: Mersin – Tarsus – Adana
O.52: Adana – Toprakkale – Gaziantep – Sanliurfa
O.53: Iskenderun – Toprakkale
D.010: Samsun – Trabzon – Sarp (GEO)
D.050: Bayburt – Yeniyol
D.080: Karakurt – Horasan
D.100: Gerede – Suluova – Amasya – Refahiye – Askale – Horasan – Gurbulak (IRN)
D.110: Ipsala (GRC) – Kesan – Tekirdag
D.200: Ankara – Refahiye
D.260: Afyon – Sivrihisar – Ankara
D.280: Ercis – Murandiye
D.290: Aydinlar – Ercis
D.300: Izmir – Afyon – Konya
D.330: Konya – Eregli
D.350: Antalya – Sogot
D.360: Diyarbakir – Baykan
D.400: Sanliurfa – Habur (IRQ)
D.585: Sogot – Denizli
D.795: Suluova – Samsun
D.817: Antakya – Iskenderun
D.825: Yayladagi (SYR) – Antakya
D.885: Sanliurfa – Diyarbakir
D.885: Yeniyol – Trabzon
D.915: Askale – Bayburt
D.955: Camlicatak – Turkgozu (GEO)
D.957: Kars – Karakurt
D.965: Kars – Camlicatak
D.965: Baykan – Bitlis – Aydinlar
D.975: Murandiye – Dogubayazit
Ukraine
M 01: Kyjiv – Kipti – Novi Yarylovychi (BLR)
M 02: Kipti – Konotop – Hluchov – Zarutske (RUS)
M 03: Kyjiv – Kharkïv – Debaltseve
M 03: Debaltseve – Dovzhanskiy (RUS)
M 05: Odesa – Demydivka – Uman – Kyjiv
M 06: Chop
– Užhorod – Mukaceve – Stryj – Lviv – Kyjiv
M 07:
Starovoitove – Kovel – Korosten – Kyjiv
M 08:
– Užhorod
M 09:
Rava-Ruska – Lviv
M 10:
Krakovets – Lviv
M 13: Demydivka – Poplavka
M 16: Odesa – Kuchurhan
M 19: Ternopil – Porubne
M 23: Vylok – Berehove
M 24: Berehove – Mukaceve
M 26:
Nevetlenfolu – Vylok
M 30: Stryj – Ternopil – Uman – Dnipropetrovsk – Doneck – Debaltseve – Krasnodon
- P 65: Hluchov – Bachivsk
Annex: sections that are not part of the UNECE International E-Road Network
(to be moved to its own page at a later date)
Albania
NB: Albania has no formal E roads, though some roads appear on signs
A 1: Morina – Kukes – crossing of 2 roads Lezhe/Fushe Kruja (de facto part of E851)
A 2: Fier – Vlore
SH1: Hani i Hotit (MNE) – Shkoder – Fushe Kruja – Tirana (de facto part of E762)
SH2: Tirana – Durres
SH3: Elbasan – Perrenjas
SH4: Durres – Rrogozhine
SH7: Rrogozhine – Elbasan
SH9: Perrenjas – Qafe Thana (MKD)
SH3: Kapshtica (GRC) – Pogradec – Perrenjas
SH4: Kakavija (GRC) – Gjirokaster – Fier – Rrogozhine
M-5: Izacic (HRV) – Bihac
D1: Karlovac – Slunj – Knin – Split – Ploce (de jure part of E71 via Bihac, but de facto signed)
D217 Licko Petrovo Selo – (BIH) (de jure part of E71 via Bihac, but de facto signed)
D 1: Hranice – Ostrava – Vernovice (POL)
D 11: Jermer – Kralovec
ს 8: Akhaltsikhe – Khashuri
A 29: Paleokastro – Kastora – Kristalopigi (ALB)
A 26: Vercelli – Biandrate – Borgomanero
A-3: Bitola – Veles
- Debar (ALB) – Izvor
S 19: Rzeszow – Lublin – Miedzyrzec Podlaski – Bialystok – Kuznica Bialostocka
S 22: Elblag – Grzechotki (RUS)
S 8: Ostrow Mazowiecka – Bialystok
S 3: Lubawka (CZE) – Bolkow
A 1: Gorzyczki (CZE) – Katowice – Pyrzowice
M15 Batocina – Kragujevac – Kraljevo
D3: Svcinovec – Skalite (POL)
A1: Koper – Divaca
G6: Postojna – Jelsane
- not built: Divaca - Jelsane
Citations
- ^ a b About TEM.
- ^ TEM Brochure.
- ^ TEM Strategic Plan.
- ^ a b TEM Safety.
- ^ a b UNECE Master.
References
- About the Trans-European Motorways (TEM) Project. UNECE. Retrieved 2024-05-27.
- Brochure on the Trans-European Motorways (TEM) Project. UNECE. June 2018. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
- TEM Project Strategic Plan 2017-2021. UNECE. February 2018. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
- Road Safety Audit and Road Safety Inspection on the TEM Network. UNECE. May 2018. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
- TEM and TER Master Plan. UNECE. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
- TEM Status. UNECE. Retrieved 2024-05-27.