Trans-European Motorways

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The Trans-European Motorways (abbreviated "TEM") are a project of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe of sub-regional cooperation among Central, Eastern and South Eastern European countries regarding transport infrastructure.[1] The Trans-European Railway (abbreviated "TER") is the twin project for the railway.

Its members are Armenia, Austria (associate member), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey.[2] Montenegro, Serbia, Sweden and Ukraine have observer status.[1]

The TEM Project was established in 1977 and it is still an active program planning for the future.[3]

Its main goal is to ease road transport in Europe, and to reduce differences between motorway networks.[4]

The TEM network contains more than 25,000 kilometers of roads. 65% of these roads have reached the full motorway standard.[4]

There is a coordinated master plan for the TEM and the TER.[5]

Backbone Network

Revised TEM Master Plan backbone network[5]

Albania

  • A 1: Morina – Kukes – crossing of 2 roads Lezhe/Fushe Kruja Kosovo
  • A 2: Fier – Vlore
  • SH1: Montenegro Hani i Hotit – Shkoder – Fushe Kruja – Tirana
  • SH2: Tirana – Durres
  • SH3: Greece Kapshtica – Pogradec – Perrenjas – Elbasan
  • SH4: Greece Kakavija – Gjirokaster – Fier – Rrogozhine – Durres
  • SH7: Rrogozhine – Elbasan
  • SH9: Perrenjas – Qafe Thana North Macedonia

Armenia

  • Մ1: Georgia (country) Bavra – Gyumri – Yerevan
  • Մ2: Yerevan – Ararat – Vayk – Goris – Meghri Iran
  • Մ3: Vanadzor – Yerevan
  • Մ6: Georgia (country) Bagratashen – Vanadzor

Austria

  • A 1: Germany Salzburg – Sattledt – Linz – Wien
  • A 2: Wien – Graz – Villach – Arnoldstein Italy
  • A 4: Hungary Nickelsdorf – Parndorf – Wien
  • A 5: Wien – Drasenhofen Czechia
  • A 6: Slovakia Kittsee – Parndorf
  • A 7: Linz – Gallneukirchen
  • A 9: Sattledt – St. Michael – Graz – Spielfeld Slovenia
  • A 11: Villach – Karawanken Tunnel Slovenia
  • S 10: Gallneukirchen – Wullowitz Czechia

Azerbaijan

  • M 1: Baku – Sumgayit – Samur Russia
  • M 2: Baku – Alat – Ganja – Gazakh – Boyuk – Red bridge Georgia (country)
  • M 3: Alat – Astara Iran
  • M 6: Alat – Horadiz – Agband Armenia
  • M 7: Nakhchivan – Sadarak Armenia
  • M 8: Armenia Kerchivan – Nakhchivan

Belarus

  • M 1: Russia Novaja Zjamlja – Minsk – Brest Poland
  • M 5: Minsk – Homyel
  • M 6: Dory – Minsk
  • M 7: Lithuania Kamenny Loh – Dory
  • M 8: Russia Ezerische – Vitebsk – Homyel – Novaja Guta Ukraine

Bosnia and Herzegovina

  • A 1: Bijaca – Sarajevo – Lasva – Zenica – Bosanski Samac
  • A 2: Bihac – Jajce – Travnik – Lasva
  • M-5: Izacic (HRV) – Bihac
  • M-5: Sarajevo – Jarcedoli Republika Srpska
  • M-16: Jajce – Bregovi Republika Srpska
  • M-18: Sarajevo – Lukavica Republika Srpska
  • M-18: Republika Srpska Grab – Trnovo Republika Srpska

Bulgaria

  • A 1: Sofia – Orizovo – Stara Zagora – Sliven – Burgas
  • A 2: Sofia – Botevgrad – Yablanisa – Bjala – Sumen – Varna
  • A 4: Svilengrad – Kapitan Andreevo Turkey
  • A 3: Sofia – Daskalovo – Kulata Greece
  • A 5: Burgas – Varna
  • A 6: Serbia Kalotina – Sofia
  • I-1: Romania Vidin – Botevgrad
  • I-5: Romania Ruse – Bjala – Haskovo
  • I-6: Daskalovo – Gjusevo North Macedonia
  • I-9: Varna – Durankulak Romania
  • I-17: Botevgrad
  • I-80: Svilengrad – Novo Selo Greece

Croatia

  • A1: Zagreb – Karlovac – Bosiljevo – Zadar – Split – Ploce
  • A2: Slovenia Macelj – Zagreb
  • A3: Slovenia Bregana – Zagreb – Lipovac {{flagicon|SRB}]
  • A4: Zagreb - Gorican Hungary
  • A5: Slavonski Samac – Osijek – Knezevo
  • A6: Rijeka - Bosiljevo - Karlovac
  • A7: Slovenia Rupa – Matuliji - Rijeka
  • A8: Kanfanar - Pazin - Matulji
  • A9: Pula - Kanfanar – Plovanija
  • A10: Bosnia and Herzegovina Metkovic – Ploce
  • D1: Karlovac – Slunj – Knin – Split – Ploce
  • D5: Okucani – Donji Varos Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • D217 Licko Petrovo Selo – Bosnia and Herzegovina

Czechia

  • D 1: Praha – Brno – Hranice – Ostrava – Vernovice Poland
  • D 2: Brno – Lanzhot Slovakia
  • D 3: Praha – Dolni Dvoriste Austria
  • D 5: Germany Rozvadov – Praha
  • D 8: Praha – Cinovec
  • D 11: Praha – Hradec Kralove – Jermer – Kralovec
  • D 48: Hranice – Cesky Tesin Poland
  • D 52: Austria Mikulov – Brno

Georgia

  • ს 1: Leselidze Russia – Senaki – Khashuri – Tbilisi
  • ს 2: Sarpi (TUR) – Poti – Senaki
  • ს 3: Larsi (RUS) – Tbilisi
  • ს 4: Tbilisi – Tsiteli Khidi Azerbaijan
  • ს 7: Tbilisi – Sadakhlo (ARM)
  • ს 8: Arali (TUR) – Akhaltsikhe – Khashuri
  • ს 9: Tbilisi bypass

Greece

  • A 1: Evzoni (MKD) – Chalastra – Klidi – Athinai
  • A 2: Igoumenitsa – Ioannina – Paleokastro – Kozani – Klidi – Chalastra – Thessaloniki – Alexandroupoli – Peplos – Kipi (TUR)
  • A 5: Patra – Rio – Agrinio – Ioannina – Ktismata (ALB)
  • A 6: Athens
  • A 7: Korinthos – Tripolis – Kalamata
  • A 8: Rio – Korinthos – Athinai
  • A 25:Thessaloniki - Promachonas (BGR)
  • A 27: Kozani - Niki (MKD)
  • A 29: Paleokastro – Kastora – Kristalopigi (ALB)
  • A 71: Githeion - Sparta - Tripolis
  • EO51: Peplos – Ormenio (BGR)

Hungary

  • M0: Budapest
  • M1: Hegyeshalom (AUT) – Level – Gyor – Budapest
  • M2: Budapest – Vac – Hont
  • M3: Budapest – Istvanmajor – Gorbehaza – Nyiregyhaza – Zahony Ukraine
  • M6: Udvar – Budapest
  • M7: Croatia Letenye – Nagkanizsa – Budapest
  • M15: Level - Rajka
  • M30: Istvanmajor – Miskolc – Tornyosnemeti (SVK)
  • M31: Budapest
  • M43: Szeged – Nagylak (ROU)
  • M70: Tornyiszentmiklos - Letenye

Italy

  • A 4: Biandrate – Milano – Brescia – Padova – Palmanova – Trieste
  • A 10: Ventimiglia France – Genova
  • A 13: Padova – Bologna
  • A 14: Bologna – Cesena – Bari
  • A 21: Torino – Alessandria – Brescia
  • A 23: Palmanova – Coccau Austria
  • A 26: Genova – Alessandria – Vercelli – Biandrate – Borgomanero – Ornavasso
  • RA 13: Trieste
  • RA 14: Trieste – Fernetti Slovenia
  • T 4: France – Bardonecchia
  • A 32: Bardonecchia – Torino
  • A 55: Torino
  • SS 16: Fasano – Bari
  • SS 33: Ornavasso – Domodossola – Iselle Switzerland
  • SS 379: Brindisi – Fasano

Lithuania

  • A 1: Klaipeda – Sitkunai – Kaunas – Vilnius
  • A 2: Panevezys – Vilnius
  • A 3: Vilnius – Medininkai Belarus
  • A 5: Sangruda Poland – Marijampole - Kaunas
  • A 7: Kybartai Russia – Marijampole
  • A 8: Sitkunai – Panevezys
  • A 9: Siauliai – Panevezys
  • A 10: Panevezys – Salociai Latvia
  • A 11: Palanga – Siauliai
  • A 13: Klaipeda – Palanga
  • A 17: Panevezys bypass

Moldova

    • M 1: Leuseny (ROU) – Chisinau – Dubasari – Dobau (UKR)
    • M 5: Chisinau – Pervomaise (UKR)

Montenegro

  • A-1: Bar – Podgorica – Bijelo Polje – Metanjac (SRB)
  • M-3: Donje Krusevo (BIH) – Podgorica – Bozaj (ALB)

North Macedonia

  • A-1: Tabanovce (SRB) – Kumanovo – Miladinovci – Veles – Gevgelija (GRC)
  • A-2: Mali Vlaj (ALB) – Struga – Podmolje
  • A-2: Izvor – Skopje – Miladinovci
  • A-2: Kumanovo – Kriva Palanka (BGR)
  • A-3: Podmolje – Ohrid - Bitola – Veles
  • A-3: Medzitlija (GRC) – Bitola
  • Debar (ALB) – Izvor

Poland

  • A 1: Gorzyczki (CZE) – Katowice – Pyrzowice – Piotrkow Trybunalski – Lodz – Gdansk
  • A 2: Swiecko (DEU) – Poznan – Warszawa
  • A 2: Warszawa – Terespol (BLR)
  • A 4: Jedrzychowice (DEU) – Krzyzowa – Wroclaw – Katowice – Krakow – Rzeszow – Korczowa (UKR)
  • A 18: Olszyna Germany – Krzyzowa
  • S 1: Zwardon (SVK) – Zywiec – Bielsko Biala – Kosztowy – Pyrzowice
  • S 2: Warszawa
  • S 3: Lubawka (CZE) – Bolkow – Legnica – Zielona Gora – Gorzow Wielkopolski – Szczecin - Swinoujscie
  • S 5: Wroclaw – Poznan – Bydgoszcz – Grudziadz (A1)
  • S 7: Chyzne Slovakia – Krakow – Kielce – Warszawa – Elblag – Gdansk
  • S 8: Wroclaw – Lodz
  • S 8: Piotrkow Trybunalski – Warszawa – Ostrow Mazowiecka – Bialystok
  • S 12: Piaski – Dorohusk (UKR)
  • S 17: Hrebenne (UKR) – Plaski – Lublin – Warszawa
  • S 19: Barwinek Slovakia – Rzeszow
  • S 19: Rzeszow – Lublin – Miedzyrzec Podlaski – Bialystok – Kuznica Bialostocka Belarus
  • S 22: Elblag – Grzechotki (RUS)
  • S 61: Ostrow Mazowiecka – Lomza – Elk – Suwalki – Budzisko Lithuania
  • S 52: Cieszyn (CZE) – Bielsko Biala

Romania

  • A 1: Nadlac (HUN) – Timisoara – Lugoj – Deva – Sebes – Sibiu – Bucuresti
  • A 2: Bucuresti – Constanta
  • A 3: Zalau – Cluj Napoca – Brasov – Ploiesti – Bucuresti
  • A 4: Vama Veche (BGR) - Constanta
  • A 5: Giurgiu (BGR) – Bucuresti
  • A 6: Lugoj – Calafat – Craiova – Rosiori de Vede – Bucuresti
  • A 7: Bucuresti – Marasesti – Bacau – Suceava – Siret (UKR)
  • A 9: Moravita (SRB) - Timisoara
  • DN1H: Zalau – Negreni
  • DN1C: Negreni – Baia Mare – Halmeu (UKR)
  • DN24: Marasesti – Albita (MDA)
  • (BGR) – Calafat

Russia

  • M 1: Krasnoye (BLR) – Smolensk – Moskva
  • M 3: Kalinovka (UKR) – Brjansk – Moskva
  • M 4: Mayskiy – Rostov na Donu – Pavlovskaya – Krasnodar
  • M 4: Novorossiysk - Dschugba
  • M 7: Moskva – Nizhny Novgorod
  • M 8: Moskva – Jaroslavl – Vologda
  • M 11: Moskva – St. Petersburg
  • A 146: Krasnodar – Verkhnebakansky
  • A 146: Verkhnebakansky – Novorossiysk
  • A 147: Dschugba – Adler (GEO)
  • A 161: Vladikavkaz – Verkhniy Lars (GEO)
  • A 229: Kaliningrad – Nesterov – Chernyshevskoye (LTU)
  • A 260: Donetsk (UKR) – Kamensk-Shakhtinskiy – Morozovsk – Volgograd
  • A 270: Novoshakhtinsk (UKR) – Mayskiy
  • R 22: Borisoglebsk – Saratov
  • R 22: Volgograd – Astrakhan
  • R 22: Volgograd – Borisoglebsk – Tambov – Moskva
  • R 23: Lobok (BLR) – Pskov – St. Petersburg
  • R 215: Makhachkala – Astrakhan
  • R 217: Pavlovskaya – Pyatigorsk – Vladikavkaz – Groznyy – Makhachkala
  • R 217: Novogaptsakh (AZE) – Makhachkala
  • R 298: Kursk – Voronezh – Borisoglebsk
  • E28: Mamonovo (POL) – Kaliningrad
  • E38: Kozino (UKR) – Kursk
  • E40: Astrakhan – Karaozek (KAZ)

Serbia

  • A1: Horgos – Novi Sad – Beograd – Batocina – Nis – Leskovac – Presevo (MKD)
  • A2: Boljare (MNE) – Uzice – Pozega – Beograd
  • A3: Batrovci – Beograd
  • A4: Nis – Dimitrovgrad
  • A5: Čačak – Kraljevo – Nis
  • A10: Mokra Gora (BIH) – Užice – Čačak
  • M15 Batocina – Kragujevac – Kraljevo

Slovakia

  • D1: Bratislava – Trnava – Zilina – Presov – Kosice – Vysne Nemecke (UKR)
  • D2: Rusovce – Bratislava – Kuty
  • D3: Zilina – Svcinovec – Skalite (POL)
  • D4: Petrzalka (AUT) - Bratislava
  • R3: Sahy – Zvolen - Ruzomberok – Dolny Kubin – Trstena (POL)
  • R4: Milhost (HUN) – Kosice
  • R4: Presov – Vysny Komarnik (POL)

Slovenia

  • A1: Koper – Divaca - Ljubljana - Maribor – Sentilj
  • A2: Ljubljana – Novo Mesto – Obrezje
  • A2: Ljubljana - Jesenice
  • A3: Italy Sezana – Divaca
  • A4: Gruskovje – Maribor
  • A5: Maribor - Pince
  • H5: Dragonja - Smarje – Koper
  • G6: Postojna – Jelsane Croatia
  • Divaca - Jelsane Croatia

Turkey

  • O-2: Istanbul
  • O-3: Kapikule (BGR) – Istanbul
  • O-4: Istanbul – Gerede – Ankara
  • O-5: Izmir – Balikesir – Bursa – Yalova – Gebze
  • O-6: Tekirdag – Kinali 1 junction
  • O-20: Ankara
  • O-21: Ankara – Tarsus
  • O-21A: Eregli – E 90 road junction
  • O-30: Izmir
  • O-31: Denizli – Aydin – Izmir
  • O-32: Cesme – Izmir
  • O-51: Mersin – Tarsus – Adana
  • O-52: Adana – Toprakkale – Gaziantep – Sanliurfa
  • O-53: Iskenderun – Toprakkale
  • D.010: Samsun – Trabzon – Sarp (GEO)
  • D.050: Bayburt – Yeniyol
  • D.080: Karakurt – Horasan
  • D.100: Gerede – Suluova – Amasya – Refahiye – Askale – Horasan – Gurbulak (IRN)
  • D.110: Ipsala (GRC) – Kesan – Tekirdag
  • D.200: Ankara – Refahiye
  • D.260: Afyon – Sivrihisar – Ankara
  • D.280: Ercis – Murandiye
  • D.290: Aydinlar – Ercis
  • D.300: Izmir – Afyon – Konya
  • D.330: Konya – Eregli
  • D.350: Antalya – Sogot
  • D.360: Diyarbakir – Baykan
  • D.400: Sanliurfa – Habur (IRQ)
  • D.585: Sogot – Denizli
  • D.795: Suluova – Samsun
  • D.817: Antakya – Iskenderun
  • D.825: Yayladagi (SYR) – Antakya
  • D.885: Sanliurfa – Diyarbakir
  • D.885: Yeniyol – Trabzon
  • D.915: Askale – Bayburt
  • D.955: Camlicatak – Turkgozu (GEO)
  • D.957: Kars – Karakurt
  • D.965: Kars – Camlicatak
  • D.965: Baykan – Bitlis – Aydinlar
  • D.975: Murandiye – Dogubayazit

Ukraine

  • M 01: Kyjiv – Kipti – Novi Yarylovychi (BLR)
  • M 02: Kipti – Konotop – Hluchov – Zarutske (RUS)
  • M 03: Kyjiv – Kharkïv – Debaltseve
  • M 03: Debaltseve – Dovzhanskiy (RUS)
  • M 05: Odesa – Demydivka – Uman – Kyjiv
  • M 06: Chop Hungary – Užhorod – Mukaceve – Stryj – Lviv – Kyjiv
  • M 07: Poland Starovoitove – Kovel – Korosten – Kyjiv
  • M 08: Slovakia – Užhorod
  • M 09: Poland Rava-Ruska – Lviv
  • M 10: Poland Krakovets – Lviv
  • M 13: Demydivka – Poplavka Moldova
  • M 16: Odesa – Kuchurhan Moldova
  • M 19: Ternopil – Porubne Romania
  • M 23: Vylok – Berehove
  • M 24: Berehove – Mukaceve
  • M 26: Romania Nevetlenfolu – Vylok
  • M 30: Stryj – Ternopil – Uman – Dnipropetrovsk – Doneck – Debaltseve – Krasnodon Russia
  • R 65: Hluchov – Bachivsk Russia

Annex: sections that are not part of the UNECE International E-Road Network

(to be moved to its own page at a later date)

Albania

NB: Albania has no formal E roads, though some roads appear on signs

  • A 1: Morina – Kukes – crossing of 2 roads Lezhe/Fushe Kruja (de facto part of E851)
  • A 2: Fier – Vlore
  • SH1: Hani i Hotit (MNE) – Shkoder – Fushe Kruja – Tirana (de facto part of E762)
  • SH2: Tirana – Durres
  • SH3: Elbasan – Perrenjas
  • SH4: Durres – Rrogozhine
  • SH7: Rrogozhine – Elbasan
  • SH9: Perrenjas – Qafe Thana (MKD)
  • SH3: Kapshtica (GRC) – Pogradec – Perrenjas
  • SH4: Kakavija (GRC) – Gjirokaster – Fier – Rrogozhine
  • M-5: Izacic (HRV) – Bihac
  • D1: Karlovac – Slunj – Knin – Split – Ploce (de jure part of E71 via Bihac, but de facto signed)
  • D217 Licko Petrovo Selo – (BIH) (de jure part of E71 via Bihac, but de facto signed)
  • D 1: Hranice – Ostrava – Vernovice (POL)
  • D 11: Jermer – Kralovec
  • ს 8: Akhaltsikhe – Khashuri
  • A 29: Paleokastro – Kastora – Kristalopigi (ALB)
  • A 26: Vercelli – Biandrate – Borgomanero
  • A-3: Bitola – Veles
  • Debar (ALB) – Izvor
  • S 19: Rzeszow – Lublin – Miedzyrzec Podlaski – Bialystok – Kuznica Bialostocka
  • S 22: Elblag – Grzechotki (RUS)
  • S 8: Ostrow Mazowiecka – Bialystok
  • S 3: Lubawka (CZE) – Bolkow
  • A 1: Gorzyczki (CZE) – Katowice – Pyrzowice
  • M15 Batocina – Kragujevac – Kraljevo
  • D3: Svcinovec – Skalite (POL)
  • A1: Koper – Divaca
  • G6: Postojna – Jelsane
  • not built: Divaca - Jelsane

Citations

  1. ^ a b About TEM.
  2. ^ TEM Brochure.
  3. ^ TEM Strategic Plan.
  4. ^ a b TEM Safety.
  5. ^ a b UNECE Master.

References

  • About the Trans-European Motorways (TEM) Project, UNECE, retrieved 2024-05-27
  • Brochure on the Trans-European Motorways (TEM) Project, UNECE, June 2018, retrieved 2020-12-28
  • TEM Project Strategic Plan 2017-2021, UNECE, February 2018, retrieved 2020-12-28
  • Road Safety Audit and Road Safety Inspection on the TEM Network, UNECE, May 2018, retrieved 2020-12-28
  • TEM and TER Master Plan, UNECE, retrieved 2020-12-28
  • TEM Status, UNECE, retrieved 2024-05-27
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