Trans-European Motorways
The Trans-European Motorways (abbreviated "TEM") are a project of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe of sub-regional cooperation among Central, Eastern and South Eastern European countries regarding transport infrastructure.[1] The Trans-European Railway (abbreviated "TER") is the twin project for the railway.
Its members are Armenia, Austria (associate member), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Italy, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey.[2] Montenegro, Serbia, Sweden and Ukraine have observer status.[1]
The TEM Project was established in 1977 and it is still an active program planning for the future.[3]
Its main goal is to ease road transport in Europe, and to reduce differences between motorway networks.[4]
The TEM network contains more than 25,000 kilometers of roads. 65% of these roads have reached the full motorway standard.[4]
There is a coordinated master plan for the TEM and the TER.[5]
Backbone Network
Revised TEM Master Plan backbone network[5]
Albania
- A 1: Morina – Kukes – crossing of 2 roads Lezhe/Fushe Kruja
- A 2: Fier – Vlore
- SH1: Hani i Hotit – Shkoder – Fushe Kruja – Tirana
- SH2: Tirana – Durres
- SH3: Kapshtica – Pogradec – Perrenjas – Elbasan
- SH4: Kakavija – Gjirokaster – Fier – Rrogozhine – Durres
- SH7: Rrogozhine – Elbasan
- SH9: Perrenjas – Qafe Thana
Armenia
- Մ1: Bavra – Gyumri – Yerevan
- Մ2: Yerevan – Ararat – Vayk – Goris – Meghri
- Մ3: Vanadzor – Yerevan
- Մ6: Bagratashen – Vanadzor
Austria
- A 1: Salzburg – Sattledt – Linz – Wien
- A 2: Wien – Graz – Villach – Arnoldstein
- A 4: Nickelsdorf – Parndorf – Wien
- A 5: Wien – Drasenhofen
- A 6: Kittsee – Parndorf
- A 7: Linz – Gallneukirchen
- A 9: Sattledt – St. Michael – Graz – Spielfeld
- A 11: Villach – Karawanken Tunnel
- S 10: Gallneukirchen – Wullowitz
Azerbaijan
- M 1: Baku – Sumgayit – Samur
- M 2: Baku – Alat – Ganja – Gazakh – Boyuk – Red bridge
- M 3: Alat – Astara
- M 6: Alat – Horadiz – Agband
- M 7: Nakhchivan – Sadarak
- M 8: Kerchivan – Nakhchivan
Belarus
- M 1: Novaja Zjamlja – Minsk – Brest
- M 5: Minsk – Homyel
- M 6: Dory – Minsk
- M 7: Kamenny Loh – Dory
- M 8: Ezerische – Vitebsk – Homyel – Novaja Guta
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- A 1: Bijaca – Sarajevo – Lasva – Zenica – Bosanski Samac
- A 2: Bihac – Jajce – Travnik – Lasva
- M-5: Izacic (HRV) – Bihac
- M-5: Sarajevo – Jarcedoli
- M-16: Jajce – Bregovi
- M-18: Sarajevo – Lukavica
- M-18: Grab – Trnovo
- A 1: Laktasi – Gradiska
- M-101: Bregovi – Banja Luka – Laktasi
- File:M111-BIH.svg M-111: Lukavica – Grab
- File:M111-BIH.svg M-111: Trnovo – Foca – Hum (MNE)
- File:M114-BIH.svg M-114: Jarcedoli – Visegrad – Vardiste
Bulgaria
- A 1: Sofia – Orizovo – Stara Zagora – Sliven – Burgas
- A 2: Sofia – Botevgrad – Yablanisa – Bjala – Sumen – Varna
- A 4: Svilengrad – Kapitan Andreevo
- A 3: Sofia – Daskalovo – Kulata
- A 5: Burgas – Varna
- A 6: Kalotina – Sofia
- I-1: Vidin – Botevgrad
- I-5: Ruse – Bjala – Haskovo
- I-6: Daskalovo – Gjusevo
- I-9: Varna – Durankulak
- I-17: Botevgrad
- I-80: Svilengrad – Novo Selo
Croatia
- A1: Zagreb – Karlovac – Bosiljevo – Zadar – Split – Ploce
- A2: Macelj – Zagreb
- A3: Bregana – Zagreb – Lipovac {{flagicon|SRB}]
- A4: Zagreb - Gorican
- A5: Slavonski Samac – Osijek – Knezevo
- A6: Rijeka - Bosiljevo - Karlovac
- A7: Rupa – Matuliji - Rijeka
- A8: Kanfanar - Pazin - Matulji
- A9: Pula - Kanfanar – Plovanija
- A10: Metkovic – Ploce
- D1: Karlovac – Slunj – Knin – Split – Ploce
- D5: Okucani – Donji Varos
- D217 Licko Petrovo Selo –
Czechia
- D 1: Praha – Brno – Hranice – Ostrava – Vernovice
- D 2: Brno – Lanzhot
- D 3: Praha – Dolni Dvoriste
- D 5: Rozvadov – Praha
- D 8: Praha – Cinovec
- D 11: Praha – Hradec Kralove – Jermer – Kralovec
- D 48: Hranice – Cesky Tesin
- D 52: Mikulov – Brno
Georgia
- ს 1: Leselidze – Senaki – Khashuri – Tbilisi
- ს 2: Sarpi (TUR) – Poti – Senaki
- ს 3: Larsi (RUS) – Tbilisi
- ს 4: Tbilisi – Tsiteli Khidi
- ს 7: Tbilisi – Sadakhlo (ARM)
- ს 8: Arali (TUR) – Akhaltsikhe – Khashuri
- ს 9: Tbilisi bypass
Greece
- A 1: Evzoni (MKD) – Chalastra – Klidi – Athinai
- A 2: Igoumenitsa – Ioannina – Paleokastro – Kozani – Klidi – Chalastra – Thessaloniki – Alexandroupoli – Peplos – Kipi (TUR)
- A 5: Patra – Rio – Agrinio – Ioannina – Ktismata (ALB)
- A 6: Athens
- A 7: Korinthos – Tripolis – Kalamata
- A 8: Rio – Korinthos – Athinai
- A 25:Thessaloniki - Promachonas (BGR)
- A 27: Kozani - Niki (MKD)
- A 29: Paleokastro – Kastora – Kristalopigi (ALB)
- A 71: Githeion - Sparta - Tripolis
- EO51: Peplos – Ormenio (BGR)
Hungary
- M0: Budapest
- M1: Hegyeshalom (AUT) – Level – Gyor – Budapest
- M2: Budapest – Vac – Hont
- M3: Budapest – Istvanmajor – Gorbehaza – Nyiregyhaza – Zahony
- M6: Udvar – Budapest
- M7: Letenye – Nagkanizsa – Budapest
- M15: Level - Rajka
- M30: Istvanmajor – Miskolc – Tornyosnemeti (SVK)
- M31: Budapest
- M43: Szeged – Nagylak (ROU)
- M70: Tornyiszentmiklos - Letenye
Italy
- A A4: Biandrate – Milano – Brescia – Padova – Palmanova – Trieste
- A A10: Ventimiglia – Genova
- A A13: Padova – Bologna
- A A14: Bologna – Cesena – Bari
- A A21: Torino – Alessandria – Brescia
- A A23: Palmanova – Coccau
- A A26: Genova – Alessandria – Vercelli – Biandrate – Borgomanero – Ornavasso
- RA 13: Trieste
- RA 14: Trieste – Fernetti
- T 4: – Bardonecchia
- A A32: Bardonecchia – Torino
- A A55: Torino
- SS 16: Fasano – Bari
- SS 33: Ornavasso – Domodossola – Iselle
- SS 379: Brindisi – Fasano
Lithuania
- A 1: Klaipeda – Sitkunai – Kaunas – Vilnius
- A 2: Panevezys – Vilnius
- A 3: Vilnius – Medininkai
- A 5: Sangruda – Marijampole - Kaunas
- A 7: Kybartai – Marijampole
- A 8: Sitkunai – Panevezys
- A 9: Siauliai – Panevezys
- A 10: Panevezys – Salociai
- A 11: Palanga – Siauliai
- A 13: Klaipeda – Palanga
- A 17: Panevezys bypass
Moldova
Montenegro
- A-1: Bar – Podgorica – Bijelo Polje – Metanjac (SRB)
- M-3: Donje Krusevo (BIH) – Podgorica – Bozaj (ALB)
North Macedonia
- A-1: Tabanovce (SRB) – Kumanovo – Miladinovci – Veles – Gevgelija (GRC)
- A-2: Mali Vlaj (ALB) – Struga – Podmolje
- A-2: Izvor – Skopje – Miladinovci
- A-2: Kumanovo – Kriva Palanka (BGR)
- A-3: Podmolje – Ohrid - Bitola – Veles
- A-3: Medzitlija (GRC) – Bitola
- Debar (ALB) – Izvor
Poland
- A 1: Gorzyczki (CZE) – Katowice – Pyrzowice – Piotrkow Trybunalski – Lodz – Gdansk
- A 2: Swiecko (DEU) – Poznan – Warszawa
- A 2: Warszawa – Terespol (BLR)
- A 4: Jedrzychowice (DEU) – Krzyzowa – Wroclaw – Katowice – Krakow – Rzeszow – Korczowa (UKR)
- A 18: Olszyna – Krzyzowa
- S 1: Zwardon (SVK) – Zywiec – Bielsko Biala – Kosztowy – Pyrzowice
- S 2: Warszawa
- S 3: Lubawka (CZE) – Bolkow – Legnica – Zielona Gora – Gorzow Wielkopolski – Szczecin - Swinoujscie
- S 5: Wroclaw – Poznan – Bydgoszcz – Grudziadz (A1)
- S 7: Chyzne – Krakow – Kielce – Warszawa – Elblag – Gdansk
- S 8: Wroclaw – Lodz
- S 8: Piotrkow Trybunalski – Warszawa – Ostrow Mazowiecka – Bialystok
- S 12: Piaski – Dorohusk (UKR)
- S 17: Hrebenne (UKR) – Plaski – Lublin – Warszawa
- S 19: Barwinek – Rzeszow
- S 19: Rzeszow – Lublin – Miedzyrzec Podlaski – Bialystok – Kuznica Bialostocka
- S 22: Elblag – Grzechotki (RUS)
- S 61: Ostrow Mazowiecka – Lomza – Elk – Suwalki – Budzisko
- S 52: Cieszyn (CZE) – Bielsko Biala
Romania
- A 1: Nadlac (HUN) – Timisoara – Lugoj – Deva – Sebes – Sibiu – Bucuresti
- A 2: Bucuresti – Constanta
- A 3: Zalau – Cluj Napoca – Brasov – Ploiesti – Bucuresti
- A 4: Vama Veche (BGR) - Constanta
- A 5: Giurgiu (BGR) – Bucuresti
- A 6: Lugoj – Calafat – Craiova – Rosiori de Vede – Bucuresti
- A 7: Bucuresti – Marasesti – Bacau – Suceava – Siret (UKR)
- A 9: Moravita (SRB) - Timisoara
- DN1H: Zalau – Negreni
- DN1C: Negreni – Baia Mare – Halmeu (UKR)
- DN24: Marasesti – Albita (MDA)
- (BGR) – Calafat
Russia
- M 1: Krasnoye (BLR) – Smolensk – Moskva
- M 3: Kalinovka (UKR) – Brjansk – Moskva
- M 4: Mayskiy – Rostov na Donu – Pavlovskaya – Krasnodar
- M 4: Novorossiysk - Dschugba
- M 7: Moskva – Nizhny Novgorod
- M 8: Moskva – Jaroslavl – Vologda
- M 11: Moskva – St. Petersburg
- A 146: Krasnodar – Verkhnebakansky
- A 146: Verkhnebakansky – Novorossiysk
- A 147: Dschugba – Adler (GEO)
- A 161: Vladikavkaz – Verkhniy Lars (GEO)
- A 229: Kaliningrad – Nesterov – Chernyshevskoye (LTU)
- A 260: Donetsk (UKR) – Kamensk-Shakhtinskiy – Morozovsk – Volgograd
- A 270: Novoshakhtinsk (UKR) – Mayskiy
- R 22: Borisoglebsk – Saratov
- R 22: Volgograd – Astrakhan
- R 22: Volgograd – Borisoglebsk – Tambov – Moskva
- R 23: Lobok (BLR) – Pskov – St. Petersburg
- R 215: Makhachkala – Astrakhan
- R 217: Pavlovskaya – Pyatigorsk – Vladikavkaz – Groznyy – Makhachkala
- R 217: Novogaptsakh (AZE) – Makhachkala
- R 298: Kursk – Voronezh – Borisoglebsk
- E28: Mamonovo (POL) – Kaliningrad
- E38: Kozino (UKR) – Kursk
- E40: Astrakhan – Karaozek (KAZ)
Serbia
- A1: Horgos – Novi Sad – Beograd – Batocina – Nis – Leskovac – Presevo (MKD)
- A2: Boljare (MNE) – Uzice – Pozega – Beograd
- A3: Batrovci – Beograd
- A4: Nis – Dimitrovgrad
- A5: Čačak – Kraljevo – Nis
- A10: Mokra Gora (BIH) – Užice – Čačak
- M15 Batocina – Kragujevac – Kraljevo
Slovakia
- D1: Bratislava – Trnava – Zilina – Presov – Kosice – Vysne Nemecke (UKR)
- D2: Rusovce – Bratislava – Kuty
- D3: Zilina – Svcinovec – Skalite (POL)
- D4: Petrzalka (AUT) - Bratislava
- R3: Sahy – Zvolen - Ruzomberok – Dolny Kubin – Trstena (POL)
- R4: Milhost (HUN) – Kosice
- R4: Presov – Vysny Komarnik (POL)
Slovenia
- A1: Koper – Divaca - Ljubljana - Maribor – Sentilj
- A2: Ljubljana – Novo Mesto – Obrezje
- A2: Ljubljana - Jesenice
- A3: Sezana – Divaca
- A4: Gruskovje – Maribor
- A5: Maribor - Pince
- H5: Dragonja - Smarje – Koper
- G6: Postojna – Jelsane
- Divaca - Jelsane
Turkey
- O-2: Istanbul
- O-3: Kapikule (BGR) – Istanbul
- O-4: Istanbul – Gerede – Ankara
- O-5: Izmir – Balikesir – Bursa – Yalova – Gebze
- O-6: Tekirdag – Kinali 1 junction
- O-20: Ankara
- O-21: Ankara – Tarsus
- O-21A: Eregli – E 90 road junction
- O-30: Izmir
- O-31: Denizli – Aydin – Izmir
- O-32: Cesme – Izmir
- O-51: Mersin – Tarsus – Adana
- O-52: Adana – Toprakkale – Gaziantep – Sanliurfa
- O-53: Iskenderun – Toprakkale
- D.010: Samsun – Trabzon – Sarp (GEO)
- D.050: Bayburt – Yeniyol
- D.080: Karakurt – Horasan
- D.100: Gerede – Suluova – Amasya – Refahiye – Askale – Horasan – Gurbulak (IRN)
- D.110: Ipsala (GRC) – Kesan – Tekirdag
- D.200: Ankara – Refahiye
- D.260: Afyon – Sivrihisar – Ankara
- D.280: Ercis – Murandiye
- D.290: Aydinlar – Ercis
- D.300: Izmir – Afyon – Konya
- D.330: Konya – Eregli
- D.350: Antalya – Sogot
- D.360: Diyarbakir – Baykan
- D.400: Sanliurfa – Habur (IRQ)
- D.585: Sogot – Denizli
- D.795: Suluova – Samsun
- D.817: Antakya – Iskenderun
- D.825: Yayladagi (SYR) – Antakya
- D.885: Sanliurfa – Diyarbakir
- D.885: Yeniyol – Trabzon
- D.915: Askale – Bayburt
- D.955: Camlicatak – Turkgozu (GEO)
- D.957: Kars – Karakurt
- D.965: Kars – Camlicatak
- D.965: Baykan – Bitlis – Aydinlar
- D.975: Murandiye – Dogubayazit
Ukraine
- M 01: Kyjiv – Kipti – Novi Yarylovychi (BLR)
- M 02: Kipti – Konotop – Hluchov – Zarutske (RUS)
- M 03: Kyjiv – Kharkïv – Debaltseve
- M 03: Debaltseve – Dovzhanskiy (RUS)
- M 05: Odesa – Demydivka – Uman – Kyjiv
- M 06: Chop – Užhorod – Mukaceve – Stryj – Lviv – Kyjiv
- M 07: Starovoitove – Kovel – Korosten – Kyjiv
- M 08: – Užhorod
- M 09: Rava-Ruska – Lviv
- M 10: Krakovets – Lviv
- M 13: Demydivka – Poplavka
- M 16: Odesa – Kuchurhan
- M 19: Ternopil – Porubne
- M 23: Vylok – Berehove
- M 24: Berehove – Mukaceve
- M 26: Nevetlenfolu – Vylok
- M 30: Stryj – Ternopil – Uman – Dnipropetrovsk – Doneck – Debaltseve – Krasnodon
- P 65: Hluchov – Bachivsk
Annex: sections that are not part of the UNECE International E-Road Network
(to be moved to its own page at a later date)
Albania
NB: Albania has no formal E roads, though some roads appear on signs
- A 1: Morina – Kukes – crossing of 2 roads Lezhe/Fushe Kruja (de facto part of E851)
- A 2: Fier – Vlore
- SH1: Hani i Hotit (MNE) – Shkoder – Fushe Kruja – Tirana (de facto part of E762)
- SH2: Tirana – Durres
- SH3: Elbasan – Perrenjas
- SH4: Durres – Rrogozhine
- SH7: Rrogozhine – Elbasan
- SH9: Perrenjas – Qafe Thana (MKD)
- SH3: Kapshtica (GRC) – Pogradec – Perrenjas
- SH4: Kakavija (GRC) – Gjirokaster – Fier – Rrogozhine
- M-5: Izacic (HRV) – Bihac
- D1: Karlovac – Slunj – Knin – Split – Ploce (de jure part of E71 via Bihac, but de facto signed)
- D217 Licko Petrovo Selo – (BIH) (de jure part of E71 via Bihac, but de facto signed)
- D 1: Hranice – Ostrava – Vernovice (POL)
- D 11: Jermer – Kralovec
- ს 8: Akhaltsikhe – Khashuri
- A 29: Paleokastro – Kastora – Kristalopigi (ALB)
- A A26: Vercelli – Biandrate – Borgomanero
- A-3: Bitola – Veles
- Debar (ALB) – Izvor
- S 19: Rzeszow – Lublin – Miedzyrzec Podlaski – Bialystok – Kuznica Bialostocka
- S 22: Elblag – Grzechotki (RUS)
- S 8: Ostrow Mazowiecka – Bialystok
- S 3: Lubawka (CZE) – Bolkow
- A 1: Gorzyczki (CZE) – Katowice – Pyrzowice
- M15 Batocina – Kragujevac – Kraljevo
- D3: Svcinovec – Skalite (POL)
- A1: Koper – Divaca
- G6: Postojna – Jelsane
- not built: Divaca - Jelsane
Citations
- ^ a b About TEM.
- ^ TEM Brochure.
- ^ TEM Strategic Plan.
- ^ a b TEM Safety.
- ^ a b UNECE Master.
References
- About the Trans-European Motorways (TEM) Project, UNECE, retrieved 2024-05-27
- Brochure on the Trans-European Motorways (TEM) Project, UNECE, June 2018, retrieved 2020-12-28
- TEM Project Strategic Plan 2017-2021, UNECE, February 2018, retrieved 2020-12-28
- Road Safety Audit and Road Safety Inspection on the TEM Network, UNECE, May 2018, retrieved 2020-12-28
- TEM and TER Master Plan, UNECE, retrieved 2020-12-28
- TEM Status, UNECE, retrieved 2024-05-27