Module:Convert/documentation/conversion data

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Following is the master list of conversion data used by Module:Convert, although more units may temporarily be at Module:Convert/extra. Units should be discussed at Template talk:Convert.

This page is read by a script (makeunits). The script extracts information from the wikitext, and outputs the Lua source that defines the table of units; that source can be manually copied into Module:Convert/data.

Conversion factors and physical constants

The values for most of the conversion factors used by Template:Convert come from international and national standards documents:

  • Organisation Intergouvernementale de la Convention du Mètre (2014) [2006]. The International System of Units (SI) (PDF). Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. Retrieved 26 June 2018. This documents links to the NIST document in section 4.2 "Other non-SI units not recommended for use".
  • Thompson, Ambler; Taylor, Barry N. (November 2008). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI) - Publication 811, 2008 Edition, 2nd printing (PDF). National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce. Retrieved 26 June 2018.

The NIST document gives conversion factors correct to 7 places. Factors in bold are exact. If exact factors have more than 7 places, they are rounded and no longer exact. This convert module replaces these rounded figures with the exact figures. For example, the NIST document has 1 square mile = 2.589 988 E+06 square meters. The convert template has 1 square mile = 2,589,988.110336 square meters.

Values for the fundamental physical constants come from the NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty, either the 2010 or the 2014 version. The 2018 version is in preparation. While the articles on the units should be updated as the new versions come out every four years, the few more significant figures provided are probably not necessary for the way this template is used.

Definitions for additional historical measures are found in sources such as

  • Fenna, Donald (2002). A Dictionary of Weights, Measures, and Units. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-107898-9.

Table format

Format

The script that reads this page ignores everything except for the wikitext in the following sections:

== Conversions ==
== Input multiples ==
== Output multiples ==
== Combinations ==
== Defaults ==
== Links ==
== Automatic per units ==
== Overrides ==
== Variable names == (used at slwiki)

In those sections, a level-3 heading (like === Length ===) starts a table that defines units of a certain type. In the subsection, lines that start with | are processed (all other lines, and lines that start with |- or |}, are ignored). A processed line is split into fields (delimited with ||), and leading/trailing whitespace is removed from each field. Empty fields in the Conversions section are given a default value (for example, the plural of yard is formed by adding s, and the US names are also yard and yards).

The second field in each row of the Conversions section normally specifies a unit's symbol, but it can be used for other purposes described in the following. In some cases the text in the second field can be long, and it is convenient to insert colspan="11" | before the text to avoid it wrapping in a narrow column. Any such colspan at the start of the second field is ignored.

Alias

Some unit codes are an alias for another spelling of the unit code. For example, the code ft2 is an alias for sqft, and that is indicated by entering =sqft in the Symbol column for the ft2 entry. An alias can only be entered after the primary unit has been defined (the sqft entry must precede the ft2 entry).

Normally there are no other entries on an alias line, however, the following may be used:

  • default = unit code to specify that the alias has a default output that is different from the primary unit
  • link = link text to specify that the alias has a link that is different from the primary unit
  • multiplier = number used as "multiplier = 100" with unit code 100km to define a unit that is 100 times the size of a kilometre
  • sp=us (or sp = us) to specify that using the alias forces US spelling for that unit
  • symbol = symbol text to specify that the alias has a symbol that is different from the primary unit
  • symlink = link text to specify that the alias has a different link when abbreviated ("symbol link")

Per units

A unit can be defined as a ratio of two other units. For example, L/km can be defined as "liters per kilometer" by entering ==L/km as the symbol for the unit. A single "=" is used with an alias to specify that a unit code is an alternative name for another unit. By contrast, if "==" is used, the unit code is defined as the first unit "per" the second.

As well as a ratio of two units, a per unit can be of the form "currency per unit". The module recognizes "$" and "£" as currency symbols and shows them appropriately. For example, the input |120|$/acre would be displayed as "$120 per acre", or "$120/acre" if abbreviated.

The definition for a per unit can be followed by the same modifiers available for an alias.

Should be

Some unit codes should not be used—if such a code is used, the template displays an error message telling the editor what unit code should be entered. For example, the code feet should not be used, and that is indicated by entering !Message in the Symbol column for the feet entry. There should be no other entries on an error line. The Message text is displayed as an error if feet is used in a conversion. The text should use the special format codes %{ and %} on each side of a unit code. The format codes are replaced with wikitext defined in Module:Convert, and which applies a consistent style to each displayed unit code.

Use name

Some units generally use their name, rather than a symbol. That is indicated by inserting ~ before the symbol. For example, the code acre has symbol ~acre which means results will use the singular name "acre", or the plural name "acres", depending on the value.

Use unit code for default

Some units have a symbol prefixed with *, for example, the symbol given for pitch is *µm. Normally, when units are looked up in the Defaults or Links exception tables, the symbol of the unit is used. However, pitch has a symbol that conflicts with micrometre. The * prefix means that the unit code for pitch is used to look up exceptions, not the symbol.

SI prefixes

The prefix column should be empty if SI prefixes are not used, SI for a unit that accepts SI prefixes, SI2 for a unit code that indicates a base unit squared, and SI3 for cubed. For example when defining unit code m2 put SI2 here, and for m3 say SI3. This will scale, for example, km2 to 1000 × 1000 of the base unit, m, or scale mm3 to 0.001 × 0.001 × 0.001 of the base unit m.

Name

The name of the unit is required. The plural name is optional. If no plural name is given, it is created by appending "s" to the singular name. For example, the ft unit has name "foot" and plural name "feet"—the plural name is necessary to avoid the plural of "foot" being "foots".

The US name is optional. If no US name is given, it is the same as the normal name. The US plural name is optional—if it is missing it is created by appending "s" to the US name. When using {{convert}}, the option |sp=us causes the US name to be displayed if a name is required for the convert.

Any %s in the name columns is replaced with the appropriate SI prefix, or is removed if SI prefixes are not appropriate (not suitable for the unit, or not used in the conversion). It is only necessary to use %s if the unit accepts prefixes, and if the prefix is not at the start of the unit's name, for example with m2 and m3.

Exceptions

Spelling exceptions can be handled by entering a row with the exception. For example, see ha which sets the unit name to "hectare"; without that row, the a row would cause ha to have the name "hectoare". There must be an override to document that an exception is intended.

Scale

The scale is a value or expression that is used as a factor to convert a value to its corresponding base unit. Commas may be used as a thousand separator (e.g. 1,000,000) or e notation may be used (e.g. 1e6). Fractions should be used when required for exactness (e.g. 1/12).

Extra

The Extra column is usually empty, but can contain a value or code when more than a simple Scale is required for a conversion. There are two codes used with fuel efficiency units: volume/length and length/volume. In addition, certain codes are required to indicate that the conversion procedure for the unit is built-in to the module. Any other text is used as an offset in the conversion calculation that occurs with temperature units.

Built-in units

The conversion procedure for some units (for example, the Mach unit of speed) are built into Module:Convert as they are too complex to be specified in a table. That is indicated by entering a code (which must be the same as used in the module) in the Extra column.

The script that reads this page contains a small amount of built-in data that does not conveniently fit into the tables below (see set_builtins in makeunits).

Default

A default is a code for a unit or combination that identifies the output unit or units that will be used if none is specified in the convert template. The Defaults section defines exceptions for unit codes with an SI prefix, where the default output is different from that of the base unit. Also, units using engineering notation may appear in the defaults section to define a default output for the unit.

A default may specify a unit code or an expression that tests the input value, and which produces one of two different outputs depending on that value. In the expression, v represents the input value specified in the convert template, and exclamation marks (!) are used to separate the expression into either three or four fields. For example, the following expression might be used as the default for unit in (inch):

v < 36 ! mm ! cm

The first field is a condition which evaluates to true or false. In this example, if the input value is less than 36, the default output unit is mm; otherwise, it is cm.

If present, the fourth field is appended to the result. For example, the following expression might be used for unit Ml (megalitre):

v < 28.316846592 ! e3 ! e6 ! cuft

If the condition is true, the result is e3cuft; otherwise, it is e6cuft.

Composite

A composite input unit consists of two standard units, where the second is a subdivision of the first. For example, |2|ft|6|in may be used to specify 2 feet 6 inches as the input unit in a conversion. See the Input multiples section.

Composites are defined in pairs, but any number of pairs can be used to specify an input. For example, given that ch is defined as a subdivision of mi, and that ft is a subdivision of ch, an input length could be specified as 1|mi|2|ch|3|ft. Also, with suitable pairs defined, an input length could be specified as 4|mi|3|yd|2|ft|1|in. There is no limit to the number of permitted subunits.

Multiple

A multiple is a unit code that can be used as an output. For example, ftin is a multiple that results in a length being expressed in feet and inches. A multiple may have any number of components defined in the Output multiples section, where each component is a subdivision of the preceding unit.

Link

The link column is the title of the article related to that unit. If the link is preceded with + or *, extra text will be inserted before the link, and the text shown by the link will be adjusted to omit a prefix of "US" or "U.S.", if present. For example, if a unit has the symbol "US gal" (or "U.S. gal"), and if the link is +[[w:Gallon|Gallon]], then if the symbol is linked, it would appear as "US gal" ("US" and "gal" link to two different articles). If the link is *[[w:Gallon|Gallon]], it would appear as "U.S. gal".

Similarly, if the link is preceded with @, extra text will be inserted before the link, and the text shown by the link will be adjusted to omit a prefix of "imp" or "imperial", if present. For example, if a unit has the symbol "imp gal", and if the link is @[[w:Gallon|Gallon]], then if the symbol is linked, it would appear as "imp gal" ("imp" and "gal" link two different articles).

The Links section defines exceptions for unit codes with an SI prefix, where the linked article is different from that of the base unit.

Pipe characters (|) in a table need to be encoded. For example, "[[w:Gallon|gal]]" should be entered as "[[w:Gallon&#124;gal|Gallon&#124;gal]]". The script that reads this page replaces each &#124; with |.

Override

Some unit codes match a unit with an SI prefix, and duplicate unit codes are not permitted. For example, Pa can be interpreted as "peta-are" which would prevent the pascal unit of pressure being defined after the are unit of area. However, listing Pa in the Overrides section means that the pascal unit can be defined, in which case peta-are will not be available.

Conventions

Some unit codes are not intended to be used in a template, but are needed to define exceptions. For example, the code ft has link Foot (unit), but unit psi/ft needs ft to be linked to Fracture gradient. To handle such cases, a unit code starting with "-" is used (-ft-frac for feet with a link to fracture gradient).

If needed, more dashes can be used to define additional exceptions (for example, see -Scwt and --Scwt, which are similar to Scwt but have different names).

Engineering notation

In addition to the units defined in the data below, large scale units such as e6km (million kilometres) may be used. The following prefixes may be used, and the linked names are shown if |lk=on:

Any standard unit (not a combination, multiple, or built-in) may be used after an engineering notation prefix, including "temperature change" units, but not "temperature" units.

Notes on units

Energy and torque

By convention, units written as force-distance (such as lbft or kgf.m) are torque, and those written as distance-force (such as ftlbf) are energy. See WP:MOSNUM#Unit names and the discussion, and see Pound-foot (torque) and Foot-pound (energy).

However, some topics use traditional units that conflict with the above convention. To handle these, Module:Convert/makeunits includes a specials table that adds an "alttype" (alternate type) field to certain whitelisted units. The alttype field allows conversion between units of different type, provided each unit is whitelisted to allow the conversion.

As at December 2013, the following energy units have alttype = "torque" (the first line consists of different units, while the second line consists of aliases for units in the first line):

  • ftlb, ftlb-f, ftlbf, inlb, inlb-f, inlbf, inoz-f, inozf
  • ft.lbf, ft·lb-f, ft·lbf, in.lb-f, in.lbf, in.oz-f, in.ozf, in·lb-f, in·lbf, in·oz-f, in·ozf

The following torque units have alttype = "energy":

  • Nm
  • N.m, N·m

For example, the following conversion works despite the fact that Nm is torque and ftlbf is energy:

  • {{convert|1|Nm|ftlbf}} → 1 newton-meter (0.74 ft⋅lbf)

Conversions

The following tables define the standard units that are available for a conversion.

Absorbed radiation dose

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
Gy Gy 1 gray SI rad Gray (unit)
rad rad 0.01 rad SI Gy Rad (unit)

Acceleration

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
cm/s2 cm/s2 0.01 centimeter per second squared centimeters per second squared centimetre per second squared centimetres per second squared ft/s2 Gal (unit)
ft/s2 ft/s2 0.3048 foot per second squared feet per second squared m/s2 Foot per second squared
g0 g0 9.80665 standard gravity standard gravities m/s2 Standard gravity
g-force g 9.80665 g g m/s2 g-force
km/hs km/(h⋅s) 5/18 kilometer per hour per second kilometers per hour per second kilometre per hour per second kilometres per hour per second mph/s Acceleration
km/s2 km/s2 1000 kilometer per second squared kilometers per second squared kilometre per second squared kilometres per second squared mph/s Acceleration
m/s2 m/s2 1 meter per second squared meters per second squared metre per second squared metres per second squared ft/s2 Meter per second squared
mph/s mph/s 0.44704 mile per hour per second miles per hour per second km/hs Acceleration
km/h/s =km/hs
standard gravity =g0

Area

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
1000sqft 1000 sq ft 92.90304 thousand square feet thousand square feet m2 Square foot
a a 100 are SI sqft Hectare#Are
acre ~acre 4046.8564224 acre ha Acre
acre-sing =acre
arpent ~arpent 3418.89 arpent ha Arpent
cda cda 3930.395625 cuerda ha acre Cuerda
daa daa 1000 decare km2 sqmi Decare
dunam ~dunam 1000 dunam km2 sqmi Dunam
dunum ~dunum 1000 dunum km2 sqmi Dunam
ha ha 10,000 hectare acre Hectare
hectare ~ha 10,000 hectare acre Hectare
Irish acre Irish acres 6555.2385024 Irish acre ha Acre (Irish)
m2 m2 1 square %smeter square %smetre SI2 sqft Square meter
pondemaat pond 3674.363358816 pondemaat pondemaat m2 :nl:pondemaat
pyeong ~pyeong 400/121 pyeong pyeong m2 Pyeong
rai rai 1600 rai rai m2 Rai (unit)
rood ~rood 1011.7141056 rood sqft m2 Rood (unit)
sqfoot sq ft 0.09290304 square foot square foot m2 Square foot
sqft sq ft 0.09290304 square foot square feet m2 Square foot
sqin sq in 0.00064516 square inch square inches cm2 Square inch
sqmi sq mi 2,589,988.110336 square mile km2 Square mile
sqnmi sq nmi 3,429,904 square nautical mile km2 sqmi Nautical mile
sqperch ~perch 25.29285264 perch perches m2 Rod (unit)#Area and volume
sqverst ~square verst 1138062.24 square verst km2 sqmi Verst
sqyd sq yd 0.83612736 square yard m2 Square yard
tsubo ~tsubo 400/121 tsubo tsubo m2 Japanese units of measurement#Area
acres =acre
are =a
decare =daa
foot2 =sqfoot
ft2 =sqft
in2 =sqin symbol = in2
km² =km2
mi2 =sqmi
million acre =e6acre
million acres =e6acre
million hectares =e6ha
m² =m2
nmi2 =sqnmi
pond =pondemaat
sq arp =arpent
sqkm =km2
sqm =m2
square verst =sqverst
verst2 =sqverst
yd2 =sqyd

Area per unit area

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
m2/ha m2/ha 0.0001 square meter per hectare square meters per hectare square metre per hectare square metres per hectare sqft/acre Basal area
sqft/acre sq ft/acre 1/43560 square foot per acre square feet per acre m2/ha Basal area

Cent

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
cent ¢ 1 cent cent Cent (currency)
¢ =cent

Charge

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
A.h A⋅h 3600 ampere hour coulomb Ampere hour
coulomb C 1 coulomb SI e Coulomb
e e 1.602176487e-19 elementary charge coulomb Elementary charge

Chemical amount

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
g-mol g‑mol 1 gram-mole lbmol Mole (unit)
gmol gmol 1 gram-mole lbmol Mole (unit)
kmol kmol 1000 kilomole lbmol Mole (unit)
lb-mol lb‑mol 453.59237 pound-mole mol Pound-mole
lbmol lbmol 453.59237 pound-mole mol Pound-mole
mol mol 1 mole lbmol Mole (unit)

CO2 per unit volume

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
kgCO2/L kg(CO2)/L 1000 kilogram per liter kilograms per liter kilogram per litre kilograms per litre lbCO2/USgal Exhaust gas
lbCO2/USgal lbCO2/US gal 0.45359237/0.003785411784 pound per US gallon pounds per US gallon kgCO2/L Exhaust gas

Concentration

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
oz/lb ==oz/lb default = mg/kg
mg/kg ==mg/kg default = oz/lb

Density

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
g/dm3 g/dm3 1 gram per cubic decimeter grams per cubic decimeter gram per cubic decimetre grams per cubic decimetre kg/m3 Density
g/L g/L 1 gram per liter grams per liter gram per litre grams per litre lb/cuin Density
g/mL g/mL 1000 gram per milliliter grams per milliliter gram per millilitre grams per millilitre lb/cuin Density
g/ml g/ml 1000 gram per milliliter grams per milliliter gram per millilitre grams per millilitre lb/cuin Density
kg/dm3 kg/dm3 1000 kilogram per cubic decimeter kilograms per cubic decimeter kilogram per cubic decimetre kilograms per cubic decimetre lb/cuft Density
kg/L kg/L 1000 kilogram per liter kilograms per liter kilogram per litre kilograms per litre lb/USgal Density
kg/l kg/l 1000 kilogram per liter kilograms per liter kilogram per litre kilograms per litre lb/USgal Density
kg/m3 kg/m3 1 kilogram per cubic meter kilograms per cubic meter kilogram per cubic metre kilograms per cubic metre lb/cuyd Density
lb/cuft lb/cu ft 0.45359237/0.028316846592 pound per cubic foot pounds per cubic foot g/cm3 Density
lb/cuin lb/cu in 453592.37/16.387064 pound per cubic inch pounds per cubic inch g/cm3 Density
lb/cuyd lb/cu yd 0.45359237/0.764554857984 pound per cubic yard pounds per cubic yard kg/m3 Density
lb/impgal lb/imp gal 0.45359237/0.00454609 pound per imperial gallon pounds per imperial gallon kg/L Density
lb/in3 lb/cu in 45359237/1638.7064 pound per cubic inch pounds per cubic inch g/cm3 Density
lb/U.S.gal lb/U.S. gal 589081/4916.1192 pound per U.S. gallon pounds per U.S. gallon kg/L Density
lb/USbu lb/US bu 0.45359237/0.03523907016688 pound per US bushel pounds per US bushel kg/m3 Bushel
lb/USgal lb/US gal 589081/4916.1192 pound per US gallon pounds per US gallon kg/L Density
lbm/cuin lbm/cu in 45359237/1638.7064 pound mass per cubic inch pounds mass per cubic inch g/cm3 Density
mg/L mg/L 0.001 milligram per liter milligrams per liter milligram per litre milligrams per litre lb/cuin Density
oz/cuin oz/cu in 453592.37/16.387064/16 ounce per cubic inch ounces per cubic inch g/cm3 Density
g/cm3 ==g/cm3 default = lb/cuin
g/m3 ==g/m3 default = lb/cuyd link = Density
Mg/m3 ==Mg/m3 default = lb/cuft
mg/l ==mg/ll default = oz/cuin
μg/dL ==μg/dL default = lb/cuin
μg/l ==μg/ll default = oz/cuin
lb/ft3 =lb/cuft
lb/yd3 =lb/cuyd
lbm/in3 =lbm/cuin
mcg/dL =μg/dL
oz/in3 =oz/cuin
ug/dL =μg/dL
ug/l =μg/l

Energy

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
B.O.T.U. B.O.T.U. 3,600,000 Board of Trade Unit MJ Kilowatt-hour
bboe bboe 6,117,863,200 barrel of oil equivalent barrels of oil equivalent GJ Barrel of oil equivalent
BOE BOE 6,117,863,200 barrel of oil equivalent barrels of oil equivalent GJ Barrel of oil equivalent
BTU BTU 1055.05585262 British thermal unit kJ British thermal unit
Btu Btu 1055.05585262 British thermal unit kJ British thermal unit
BTU-39F BTU39°F 1059.67 British thermal unit (39°F) British thermal units (39°F) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-39F Btu39°F 1059.67 British thermal unit (39°F) British thermal units (39°F) kJ British thermal unit
BTU-59F BTU59°F 1054.804 British thermal unit (59°F) British thermal units (59°F) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-59F Btu59°F 1054.804 British thermal unit (59°F) British thermal units (59°F) kJ British thermal unit
BTU-60F BTU60°F 1054.68 British thermal unit (60°F) British thermal units (60°F) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-60F Btu60°F 1054.68 British thermal unit (60°F) British thermal units (60°F) kJ British thermal unit
BTU-63F BTU63°F 1054.6 British thermal unit (63°F) British thermal units (63°F) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-63F Btu63°F 1054.6 British thermal unit (63°F) British thermal units (63°F) kJ British thermal unit
BTU-ISO BTUISO 1055.056 British thermal unit (ISO) British thermal units (ISO) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-ISO =BTU-ISO
BTU-IT BTUIT 1055.05585262 British thermal unit (IT) British thermal units (IT) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-IT BtuIT 1055.05585262 British thermal unit (IT) British thermal units (IT) kJ British thermal unit
BTU-mean BTUmean 1055.87 British thermal unit (mean) British thermal units (mean) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-mean Btumean 1055.87 British thermal unit (mean) British thermal units (mean) kJ British thermal unit
BTU-th BTUth 1054.35026444 British thermal unit (thermochemical) British thermal units (thermochemical) kJ British thermal unit
Btu-th Btuth 1054.35026444 British thermal unit (thermochemical) British thermal units (thermochemical) kJ British thermal unit
Cal Cal 4184 calorie kJ Calorie
cal cal 4.184 calorie J Calorie
Cal-15 Cal15 4185.8 Calorie (15°C) Calories (15°C) kJ Calorie
cal-15 cal15 4.1858 calorie (15°C) calories (15°C) J Calorie
Cal-IT CalIT 4186.8 Calorie (International Steam Table) Calories (International Steam Table) kJ Calorie
cal-IT calIT 4.1868 calorie (International Steam Table) calories (International Steam Table) J Calorie
Cal-th Calth 4184 Calorie (thermochemical) Calories (thermochemical) kJ Calorie
cal-th calth 4.184 calorie (thermochemical) calories (thermochemical) J Calorie
CHU-IT CHUIT 1899.100534716 Celsius heat unit (International Table) Celsius heat units (International Table) kJ Conversion of units#Energy
cufootnaturalgas ~cuftnaturalgas 1,055,055.85262 cubic foot of natural gas cubic foot of natural gas MJ Conversion of units#Energy
cuftnaturalgas ~cuftnaturalgas 1,055,055.85262 cubic foot of natural gas cubic feet of natural gas MJ Conversion of units#Energy
Eh Eh 4.35974417e-18 Hartree eV Hartree
erg erg 0.0000001 erg μJ Erg
eV eV 1.602176487e-19 electronvolt aJ Electronvolt
feV feV 1.602176487e-34 femtoelectronvolt yJ Electronvolt
foe foe 1e44 foe YJ Foe (unit)
ftlb ft⋅lb 1.3558179483314004 foot-pound J Foot-pound (energy)
ftlb-f ft⋅lbf 1.3558179483314004 foot-pound force foot-pounds force J Foot-pound (energy)
ftlbf ft⋅lbf 1.3558179483314004 foot-pound force foot-pounds force J Foot-pound (energy)
ftpdl ft⋅pdl 0.0421401100938048 foot-poundal J Foot-poundal
GeV GeV 1.602176487e-10 gigaelectronvolt nJ Electronvolt
gTNT ~gram of TNT 4184 gram of TNT grams of TNT kJ TNT equivalent
Gtoe Gtoe 4.1868e19 gigatonne of oil equivalent gigatonnes of oil equivalent EJ Tonne of oil equivalent
GtonTNT ~gigaton of TNT 4.184e18 gigaton of TNT gigatons of TNT EJ TNT equivalent
GtTNT ~gigatonne of TNT 4.184e18 gigatonne of TNT gigatonnes of TNT EJ TNT equivalent
GW.h GW⋅h 3.6e12 gigawatt-hour TJ Kilowatt-hour
GWh GWh 3.6e12 gigawatt-hour TJ Kilowatt-hour
hph hp⋅h 2,684,519.537696172792 horsepower-hour kWh Horsepower
inlb in⋅lb 0.1129848290276167 inch-pound mJ Foot-pound (energy)
inlb-f in⋅lbf 0.1129848290276167 inch-pound force inch-pounds force mJ Foot-pound (energy)
inlbf in⋅lbf 0.1129848290276167 inch-pound force inch-pounds force mJ Foot-pound (energy)
inoz-f in⋅ozf 0.00706155181422604375 inch-ounce force inch-ounces force mJ Foot-pound (energy)
inozf in⋅ozf 0.00706155181422604375 inch-ounce force inch-ounces force mJ Foot-pound (energy)
J J 1 joule SI cal Joule
kBOE kBOE 6.1178632e12 kilo barrel of oil equivalent kilo barrels of oil equivalent TJ Barrel of oil equivalent
kcal kcal 4184 kilocalorie kJ Calorie
kcal-15 kcal15 4185.8 kilocalorie (15°C) kilocalories (15°C) kJ Calorie
kcal-IT kcalIT 4186.8 kilocalorie (International Steam Table) kilocalories (International Steam Table) kJ Calorie
kcal-th kcalth 4184 kilocalorie (thermochemical) kilocalories (thermochemical) kJ Calorie
kerg kerg 0.0001 kiloerg mJ Erg
keV keV 1.602176487e-16 kiloelectronvolt fJ Electronvolt
kgTNT ~kilogram of TNT 4,184,000 kilogram of TNT kilograms of TNT MJ TNT equivalent
kt(TNT) kt 4.184e12 kilotonne kiloton TJ TNT equivalent
ktoe ktoe 4.1868e13 kilotonne of oil equivalent kilotonnes of oil equivalent TJ Tonne of oil equivalent
ktonTNT kt 4.184e12 kiloton of TNT kilotons of TNT TJ TNT equivalent
ktTNT ~kilotonne of TNT 4.184e12 kilotonne of TNT kilotonnes of TNT TJ TNT equivalent
kW.h kW⋅h 3,600,000 kilowatt-hour MJ Kilowatt-hour
kWh kWh 3,600,000 kilowatt-hour MJ Kilowatt-hour
Mcal Mcal 4,184,000 megacalorie MJ Calorie
mcal mcal 0.004184 millicalorie mJ Calorie
Mcal-15 Mcal15 4,185,800 megacalorie (15°C) megacalories (15°C) MJ Calorie
mcal-15 mcal15 0.0041858 millicalorie (15°C) millicalories (15°C) mJ Calorie
Mcal-IT McalIT 4,186,800 megacalorie (International Steam Table) megacalories (International Steam Table) MJ Calorie
mcal-IT mcalIT 0.0041868 millicalorie (International Steam Table) millicalories (International Steam Table) mJ Calorie
Mcal-th Mcalth 4,184,000 megacalorie (thermochemical) megacalories (thermochemical) MJ Calorie
mcal-th mcalth 0.004184 millicalorie (thermochemical) millicalories (thermochemical) mJ Calorie
Merg Merg 0.1 megaerg J Erg
merg merg 0.0000000001 millierg μJ Erg
MeV MeV 1.602176487e-13 megaelectronvolt pJ Electronvolt
meV meV 1.602176487e-22 millielectronvolt zJ Electronvolt
MMBtu MMBtu 1,055,055,852.62 million British thermal units million British thermal units GJ British thermal unit
Mt(TNT) Mt 4.184e15 megatonne megaton PJ TNT equivalent
Mtoe Mtoe 4.1868e16 megatonne of oil equivalent megatonnes of oil equivalent PJ Tonne of oil equivalent
MtonTNT Mt 4.184e15 megaton of TNT megatons of TNT PJ TNT equivalent
mtonTNT ~milliton of TNT 4,184,000 milliton of TNT millitons of TNT MJ TNT equivalent
MtTNT ~megatonne of TNT 4.184e15 megatonne of TNT megatonnes of TNT PJ TNT equivalent
mtTNT ~millitonne of TNT 4,184,000 millitonne of TNT millitonnes of TNT MJ TNT equivalent
MW.h MW⋅h 3,600,000,000 megawatt-hour GJ Kilowatt-hour
mW.h mW⋅h 3.6 milliwatt-hour J Kilowatt-hour
MWh MWh 3,600,000,000 megawatt-hour GJ Kilowatt-hour
mWh mWh 3.6 milliwatt-hour J Kilowatt-hour
neV neV 1.602176487e-28 nanoelectronvolt yJ Electronvolt
PeV PeV 0.0001602176487 petaelectronvolt mJ Electronvolt
peV peV 1.602176487e-31 picoelectronvolt yJ Electronvolt
PSh PSh 2647795.5 Pferdestärkenstunde kWh Pferdestärkenstunde
quad quad 1.054804e18 quadrillion British thermal units quadrillion British thermal units EJ Quad (unit)
Ry Ry 2.1798741e-18 rydberg eV Rydberg constant
scf scf 2869.2044809344 standard cubic foot standard cubic feet kJ Standard cubic foot
scfoot scf 2869.2044809344 standard cubic foot standard cubic foot kJ Standard cubic foot
t(TNT) t 4,184,000,000 tonne ton GJ TNT equivalent
TeV TeV 1.602176487e-7 teraelectronvolt μJ Electronvolt
th th 4,186,800 thermie MJ Conversion of units#Energy
thm-EC thm (EC) 105,506,000 therm (EC) therms (EC) MJ Therm
thm-UK thm (UK) 105,505,585.257348 therm (UK) therms (UK) MJ Therm
thm-US thm (US) thm (U.S.) 105,480,400 therm (US) therms (US) therm (U.S.) therms (U.S.) MJ Therm
toe toe 41,868,000,000 tonne of oil equivalent tonnes of oil equivalent GJ Tonne of oil equivalent
tonTNT ~ton of TNT 4,184,000,000 ton of TNT tons of TNT GJ TNT equivalent
tTNT ~tonne of TNT 4,184,000,000 tonne of TNT tonnes of TNT GJ TNT equivalent
TtonTNT ~teraton of TNT 4.184e21 teraton of TNT teratons of TNT ZJ TNT equivalent
TtTNT ~teratonne of TNT 4.184e21 teratonne of TNT teratonnes of TNT ZJ TNT equivalent
TW.h TW⋅h 3.6e15 terawatt-hour PJ Kilowatt-hour
TWh TWh 3.6e15 terawatt-hour PJ Kilowatt-hour
W.h W⋅h 3600 watt-hour kJ Kilowatt-hour
Wh Wh 3600 watt-hour kJ Kilowatt-hour
μerg μerg 1e-13 microerg nJ Erg
μeV μeV 1.602176487e-25 microelectronvolt yJ Electronvolt
μW.h μW⋅h 0.0036 microwatt-hour mJ Kilowatt-hour
μWh μWh 0.0036 microwatt-hour mJ Kilowatt-hour
-kW.h =kW.h link = Kilowatt hour
btu =BTU
Calorie =Cal
ft.lbf =ftlbf
ft·lbf =ftlbf
g-cal-15 =cal-15
g-cal-IT =cal-IT
g-cal-th =cal-th
g-kcal-15 =kcal-15
g-kcal-IT =kcal-IT
g-kcal-th =kcal-th
g-Mcal-15 =Mcal-15
g-mcal-15 =mcal-15
g-Mcal-IT =Mcal-IT
g-mcal-IT =mcal-IT
g-Mcal-th =Mcal-th
g-mcal-th =mcal-th
GW-h =GW.h
GW·h =GW.h
Hartree =Eh
hp.h =hph
in.lb-f =inlb-f
in.lbf =inlbf
in.oz-f =inoz-f
in.ozf =inozf
kbboe =kBOE symbol = kbboe
kg-cal-15 =Cal-15
kg-cal-IT =Cal-IT
kg-cal-th =Cal-th
kW-h =kW.h
kW·h =kW.h
MW-h =MW.h
mW-h =mW.h
MW·h =MW.h
TW-h =TW.h
uerg =μerg
ueV =μeV
uW-h =μW.h
uW.h =μW.h
uWh =μWh
W-h =W.h

Energy per chemical amount

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
eVpar eV 1.602176565e-19 * 6.022140857e23 electronvolt SI kcal/mol Electronvolt
kcal/mol ==kcal/mol default = kJ/mol link = Kilocalorie per mole
kJ/mol ==kJ/mol default = kcal/mol link = Joule per mole

Energy per unit length

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
kWh/100 km kW⋅h/100 km 36 kilowatt-hour per 100 kilometers kilowatt-hours per 100 kilometers kilowatt-hour per 100 kilometres kilowatt-hours per 100 kilometres MJ/km kWh/mi Kilowatt-hour
kWh/100 mi kW⋅h/100 mi 22.3694 kilowatt-hour per 100 miles kilowatt-hours per 100 miles mpge Miles per gallon gasoline equivalent
MJ/100 km MJ/100 km 10 megajoule per 100 kilometers megajoules per 100 kilometers megajoule per 100 kilometres megajoules per 100 kilometres BTU/mi British thermal unit
mpge mpg‑e 1609.344/(33.705*3.6e6) invert mile per gallon gasoline equivalent miles per gallon gasoline equivalent kWh/100 mi Miles per gallon gasoline equivalent
BTU/mi ==BTU/mi default = v > 1525 ! M ! k ! J/km
kJ/km ==kJ/km default = BTU/mi
kWh/km ==-kW.h/km default = MJ/km kWh/mi
kWh/mi ==-kW.h/mi default = kWh/km MJ/km
MJ/km ==MJ/km default = BTU/mi
mpg-e =mpge

Energy per unit mass

Unit code Symbol Alt symbol Scale Extra Name Plural name Alt name Alt plural name Prefix Default Link
BTU/lb BTU/lb 2.326*1000 British thermal unit per pound British thermal units per pound kJ/kg British thermal unit
cal/g cal/g 4184 calorie per gram calories per gram J/g Calorie per gram
GJ/kg GJ/kg 1e9 gigajoule per kilogram gigajoules per kilogram ktTNT/t Specific energy
J/g J/g 1000 joule per gram joules per gram kcal/g Specific energy
kcal/g kcal/g 4,184,000 kilocalorie per gram kilocalories per gram kJ/g Kilocalorie per gram
kJ/g kJ/g 1,000,000 kilojoule per gram kilojoules per gram kcal/g Specific energy
kJ/kg kJ/kg 1000 kilojoule per kilogram kilojoules per kilogram BTU/lb Specific energy
ktonTNT/MT ~kiloton of TNT per metric ton 4,184,000,000 kiloton of TNT per metric ton kilotons of TNT per metric ton GJ/kg TNT equivalent
ktTNT/t ~kilotonne of TNT per tonne 4,184,000,000 kilotonne of TNT per tonne kilotonnes of TNT per tonne GJ/kg TNT equivalent
MtonTNT/MT ~megaton of TNT per metric ton 4.184e12 megaton of TNT per metric ton megatons of TNT per metric ton TJ/kg TNT equivalent
MtTNT/MT ~megatonne of TNT per tonne 4.184e12 megatonne of TNT per tonne megatonnes of TNT per tonne TJ/kg TNT equivalent
TJ/kg TJ/kg 1e12 terajoule per kilogram terajoules per kilogram MtTNT/MT Specific energy
Cal/g ==Cal/g default = kJ/g

Energy per unit volume

Unit code Symbol Alt symbo
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