Moscow Ring Road

Moscow Ring Road (MKAD)
Московская кольцевая автомобильная дорога
Moscow Ring Road (MKAD) ; Московская кольцевая автомобильная дорога
	MKAD on Moscow map
Route information
	Part of E 22 E 30 E 101 E 105 E 115 E 119
Length	108.9 km (67.7 mi)
Existed	1961–present
Location
Country	Russia
Major cities	Moscow
Highway system
	Russian Federal Highways;

The Moscow Automobile Ring Road (Russian: Московская кольцевая автомобильная дорога, romanized: Moskovskaya koltsevaya avtomobilnaya doroga), or MKAD (МКАД), is a ring road running predominantly on the city border of Moscow with a length of 108.9 km (67.7 mi) and 35 exits (including ten interchanges). It was completed in 1962. The speed limit is 100 km/h.

History

The growth of traffic in and around Moscow in the 1950s made the city planners realise Russia's largest metropolis needed a bypass to redirect incoming traffic from major roads that run through the city. Opened in 1961, the MKAD had four lanes of asphalt running 108.9 kilometres along the city borders. Although not yet a freeway, it featured interchanges at major junctions, very few traffic lights, and a speed limit of 100 km/h (62 mph).

For a long time the MKAD served as the administrative boundary of Moscow city, until in the 1980s Moscow started annexing territory outside the beltway. In December 2002 Bulvar Dmitriya Donskogo became the first Moscow Metro station that opened beyond the limits of MKAD.^[1]

In 1995–1999, the road was widened from the initial four to ten lanes, while all intersections became grade-separated, bridges were built to accommodate pedestrians, traffic lights were removed, and a solid concrete barrier was installed in the median. In 2001, all slow-moving vehicles were banned from entering the MKAD, and the renovated road received a freeway designation from the mayor's office.

Route

Distance (approx.)		Destinations	Notes
0 km		M 7 (Entuziastov shosse) – Nizhny Novgorod
2 km		Pobeda ulitsa — Reutov, Ivanovskoe
4 km		Ketcherskaya ulitsa, Nosovikhinskoye ulitsa — Balashikha, Elektrougli
6 km		Novokosino District
7 km		Moldagulovoy ulitsa, Novoukhtomskoe shosse
8 km		North-Eastern Chord, Kosinskoe Highway
8 km		Ryazansky prospekt, Lermontovsky prospekt — Lyubertsy
11 km		M 5 (Volgogradsky prospekt, Novoryazanskoye shosse) – Ryazan, Bykovo Airport
14 km		Verkhniye Polya ulitsa — Kotelniki
16 km		Energetikov ulitsa, Kapotnya ulitsa — Dzerzhinsky, Kapotnya
20 km		Besedinskoe shosse — Besedy
24 km		Kashirskoye Highway
27 km		M 4 (Lipetskaya ulitsa) – Domodedovo Airport, Vidnoe, Kashira, Rostov-on-Don
30 km		Bulatnikovo
33 km		M 2 (Varshavskoe shosse) – Ostafyevo International Airport, Podolsk
35 km		Polyany ulitsa — Butovo
38 km		Paustovskogo ulitsa — Yasenevo
41 km		A 130 / Profsoyuznaya ulitsa
45 km		M 3 (Kiyevskoye Highway) / Leninsky Avenue – Vnukovo Airport, Bryansk, Kyiv
48 km		Borovskoye shosse, Ozyornaya ulitsa
55 km		M 1 (Minskoye shosse) / Mozhayskoye shosse – Smolensk, Brest, Belarus
56 km		Gorbunova ulitsa — Nemchinovka
60 km		A 106 (Rublevo-Uspenskoye shosse) – Uspenskoye
61 km		Rublevo-Uspenskoye shosse — Rublevo
63 km		M 9 (Novorizhskoye shosse) / Marshala Zhukova prospekt – Riga, Velikiye Luki
65 km		Myankininsky prospekt — Myakinino
68 km		A 109 (Volokolamskoye shosse) – Dedovsk, Petrovo-Dalneye
72 km		Novokurkinskoye shosse — Kurkino
74 km		Svobody ulitsa, Molodezhnaya ulitsa — Kurkino
75 km		M 10 – Sheremetyevo International Airport, Khimki, Saint Petersburg
78 km		M 11
82 km		A 104 (Dmitrovskoye shosse) – Dubna, Dmitrov
85 km		Altufyevskoye shosse — Veshki
91 km		Ostashskovskaya ulitsa
95 km		M 8 (Yaroslavskoye shosse) – Yaroslavl
103 km		Khabarovskaya ulitsa — Abramtsevo
105 km		A 103 (Shchelkovskoye shosse) – Shchyolkovo