M1 (Great Britain)

A5-M1 Link (Dunstable Northern Bypass)
	The route of the Dunstable Northern Bypass proposal and route options for the connecting Luton Northern Bypass.
Location	Central Bedfordshire
Proposer	Highways Agency
Status	Completed (summer 2017)
Type	Road
Cost estimate	£171 million to £217 million
Geometry	KML

M1
M1
London - Yorkshire motorway
	M1 highlighted in blue ; Shown with UK motorway network
	Looking north towards junction 37 on one of the few stretches that remain three-lane
Route information
	Part of E 13
	Maintained by National Highways
Length	193.5 mi (311.4 km)
Existed	1959–present
History	Opened: 1959; Completed: 1999
Major junctions
South end	Staples Corner, London (A406);
	; J6a → M25; ; J17 → M45; ; J19 → M6; ; J21 → M69; ; J32 → M18 motorway; ; J42 → M62; ; J43 → M621; ; A1(M) motorway
North end	Hook Moor, West Yorkshire (A1(M));
Location
Country	United Kingdom
Constituent country	England
Counties	Greater London, Hertfordshire, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Northamptonshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire, Yorkshire (South & West)
Primary; destinations	London; Brent Cross; Watford; St Albans; Hemel Hempstead; Luton; Milton Keynes; Northampton; Rugby; Leicester; Loughborough; Nottingham; Derby; Mansfield; Chesterfield; Sheffield; Rotherham; Barnsley; Wakefield; Leeds
Road network
	Roads in the United Kingdom; E-roads; Motorways; A and B road zones;

The M1 motorway connects London to Leeds, where it joins the A1(M) near Aberford, to connect to Newcastle. It was the first inter-urban motorway to be completed in the UK;^[2] the first motorway in the country was the Preston Bypass, which later became part of the M6.^[3]

The motorway is 193 miles (311 km) long and was constructed in four phases. Most of the motorway was opened between 1959 and 1968. The southern end was extended in 1977 and the northern end was extended in 1999.

History

There had been plans before the Second World War for a motorway network in the United Kingdom. Lord Montagu formed a company to build a 'motorway like road' from London to Birmingham in 1923,^[4] but it was a further 26 years before the Special Roads Act 1949 was passed, which allowed for the construction of roads limited to specific vehicle classifications, and in the 1950s, the country's first motorways were given the government go-ahead.

The first section of motorway was the Preston Bypass in Lancashire, now part of the M6, which opened in 1958.^[3] The M1 was Britain's first full-length motorway and opened in 1959.^{[citation needed]} The early M1 had no speed limits, crash barriers, or lighting, and had soft shoulders rather than hard. As there was then little traffic, London musicians such as the Rolling Stones were known to speed up to take advantage of the Watford Gap Motorway Services Area, open 24 hours at a time when pubs closed at 11 p.m.^[5]

First section, 1959

Looking north from B579 bridge at Chalton. Former cement works at Sundon to the right (May 1958)

The first section of the motorway, between junction 5 (Watford) and junction 18 (Crick/Rugby), opened on 2 November 1959, together with the motorway's two spurs, the M10 (from junction 7 to south of St Albans originally connecting to the A1) and the M45 (from junction 17 to the A45 and Coventry). Parts of the Hertfordshire section were built using steam rollers.^[6]

The M1 was officially inaugurated from Slip End (close to Luton), celebrated by a large concrete slab on the bridge next to the village,^[7] with inscription "London-Yorkshire Motorway – This slab was sealed by the Harold Watkinson M.P. – Minister of Transport – Inauguration Day – 24th March 1958". It was relocated, during widening works in 2007–08, to the eastern side of junction 10.

Looking north from a similar position south of Toddington services (July 1959)

This section of the M1 broadly follows the route of the A5 north-west. It started at the Watford Bypass (A41), which runs south-east to meet the A1 at Apex corner, and ended on the A5 at Crick. The M10 spur motorway connected the M1 to the North Orbital Road (A405/A414, a precursor of the M25) where it also met the A5 (now renumbered here as the A5183) and, 2 miles (3.2 km) to the east via the A414, the A6, which subsequently became part of the M25.

A £1.5m contract was given in May 1958 for the most southerly section, from Aldenham to Beechtrees (the M10 junction), for two lanes of reinforced concrete, to open in November 1959.^[8] There was immense flooding on this section in July 1958.^[9]

Although the whole of the first section opened in 1959, it was built in two parts, with the northern part (junctions 10 to 18) being built by John Laing^[2] and the southern part (the St Albans Bypass) being built by Tarmac Construction.^[10]

Rugby to Leeds, 1965 to 1968

The continuation of the motorway from junction 18 towards Yorkshire was carried out as a series of extensions between 1965 and 1968. Diverging from the A5, the motorway takes a more northerly route through the East Midlands, via Leicester, Loughborough, Nottingham to Sheffield, where the M18 splits from the M1 at junction 32 to head to Doncaster.

Originally, the M1 was planned to end at Doncaster but it was decided to make what was going to be the "Leeds and Sheffield Spur" into the primary route, with the 11-mile (18 km) section to the A1(M) south of Doncaster given the separate motorway number M18.

From junction 32, the motorway passes Sheffield, Rotherham, Barnsley and Wakefield, reaching the original end of the motorway at (the original) Junction 44 to the east of Leeds. There were plans to route the M1 from just south of junction 42, where it interchanges with the M62, round the west of Leeds to the A1 at Dishforth. The chosen route passes to the east of Leeds. With the M62 and M621, the M1 forms a ring of motorways around the south of Leeds.

Leeds South Eastern Urban Motorway, 1972

The M1 and M621 interchange on the northbound carriageways at Leeds

In 1972, an extension of the M1 was opened into central Leeds as the Leeds South Eastern Motorway, where it met the Leeds South Western Motorway (M621) coming north-east from the M62 at junction 3.

Lighting

In July 1972, the then UK Minister for Transport Industries, John Peyton, announced that 86 miles (138 km) of UK motorway particularly prone to fog would benefit from lighting in a project that "should be" completed by 1973.^[11] Sections to be illuminated included the M1 between junctions 3 and 14, and between junctions 16 and 24.^[11] In August 2011, the Highways Agency announced that, despite being converted to Smart Motorway status, the lights will be switched off on stretches of the motorway between junctions 10 (Luton) and 15 (Northampton) without affecting road user safety. The motorway junctions and their approaches, and a section of the M1 on either side of junction 11 (north Luton), would have lighting columns replaced and remain lit. All lighting columns from junctions 10 to 14 were removed completely, apart from some on slip roads.^[12]

Safety barriers

An increasing official interest in secondary safety was evident in an announcement in March 1973 that work would begin shortly on erecting "tensioned safety barriers" along the central reservation of a 34-mile (55 km) section of the M1 between Kegworth (J24) and Barlborough (J30).^[13]

Leeds to Hook Moor, 1999

Between 1996 and 1999, the M1 section north of the M62 underwent a major reconstruction and extension to take the M1 on a new route to the A1(M) at Aberford. The new road involved the construction of a series of new junctions, bridges and viaducts to the east of Leeds. When the new section of M1 was completed and opened on 4 February 1999,^[14] the Leeds South Eastern Motorway section of the M1 was re-designated as the M621, and the junctions were given new numbers: M621 junctions 4 to 7.

London extensions, 1966, 1967 and 1977

Map showing construction dates of sections of the M1

M1 at junction 4. The old overhead lane control gantries are still visible, which were replaced with newer, verge-mounted MS4 variable message signs in 2008.

The M1 was extended south towards London from its original starting point at junction 5, in three stages. The first stage, opened in 1966, took the motorway south-east, parallel to the A41, to meet the A5 at junction 4 south of Elstree. The second phase continued east to Scratchwood (London Gateway Services, which occupies the location of the missing junction 3, from where an unbuilt spur would have connected to the A1 at Stirling Corner to the north-east). The M1 then runs south alongside the Midland Main Line towards Hendon, where it meets the A1 again at junction 2 via a tightly curved flyover section. These flyovers connecting from the A1 were originally both for northbound traffic: the left one as the on-ramp to the M1, the right one going over the A1/A41 junction beneath to rejoin the A1 northbound.

Junction 2 is about 2.5 miles (4 km) south of the original junction 3. Before the completion of junction 2, southbound traffic left the motorway via a slip road which passed around the back of the now disused Homebase and under the A41/A1 Mill Hill Bypass, and looped round to join it at Fiveways Interchange. This slip road is still visible to southbound traffic approximately 650 yards (590 m) before junction 2, and was maintained until the early 2000s, even though not accessible to traffic. The northbound slip road from the A1 is now partially used as the entrance way to a retail park and was once carried by bridge, but no longer reaches the northbound carriageway, because it is cut off by the motorway continuing south.

The final section of the M1 was opened to junction 1 at Staples Corner in 1977. There the motorway meets the North Circular Road (A406) at a grade separated junction and roundabout. Unrealised plans from the 1960s would have seen the motorway continue through the junction on an elevated roadway to end at West Hampstead, where it would have met the North Cross Route, the northern section of the London Motorway Box, a proposed ring of urban motorway around the central area. The layout of the Staples Corner junction was originally built in accordance with those plans, although most of the London Ringways Plan had been cancelled by 1973. Around the same time, the section between the then-M10 and junction 5 was widened from the original two lanes to three.

On its completion, the M1 acted as a fast link road between London and Birmingham via the M6. It also provided a link to London Luton Airport for those regions, and its proximity to the site of the new town of Milton Keynes (designated in 1967) meant that it was soon providing a vital transport link to another major area.

Recent developments

In 2006, plans were published for the widening of 91 miles (146 km) from Leicester through to Leeds (junctions 21–42) to four lanes each way.

Escalating costs across the whole of the Highways Agency programme, including the M1 project, on which costs had risen to £5.1 billion, as well as increasing opposition to major road expansion,^[15]^[16] as well as criticisms by the Transport Select Committee and the National Audit Office, led to wide-ranging re-assessments of the Agency's project costs.^[17] Widening was scaled back to the junctions 6A to 10 scheme that was already in progress, and from Nottingham and Mansfield (junctions 25–28), and hard shoulder running was to be used for other sections.

Many later developments, including smart motorway schemes, have been made to the M1, and these are detailed below. Recent concerns about accidents and deaths on the former hard shoulder have led to a halt and review into extending all lane running which reported in July 2021.^[18]

Developments

A5-M1 Link (Dunstable Northern Bypass)

The A5-M1 Link (Dunstable Northern Bypass) is a two-lane dual carriageway running east from the A5 north of Dunstable joining the M1 at a new junction 11a south of Chalton.^[19] Here, it is intended to join with a proposed Luton Northern Bypass to form a northern bypass for the wider conurbation. The A5-M1 Link aims to alleviate traffic congestion in Houghton Regis and Dunstable, reduce journey times for long-distance traffic travelling through Dunstable and improve the regional economy. The Highways Agency detrunked the A5 through Dunstable when the A5-M1 Link opened to the public in May 2017.^[20] As part of the Dunstable Town Centre Masterplan, Central Bedfordshire Council built the 2.9 km (1.8 miles) Woodside Link to connect the new junction 11a to the industrial areas of Dunstable and Houghton Regis. Most of the road opened to traffic in autumn 2016 with the remaining section connecting to junction 11a.^[21]

M1/M69 junction

There is a proposal to widen the M1 to dual four-lane or dual five-lane between junctions 21 and 21a and construct a new link road between the M1 and the M69. During this work the Leicester Forest East services would be closed, and possibly relocated.^[22] Consultation took place in 2007.^[23]^[24] As of May 2022, work on this scheme has still not begun.^[25]

M1 junction 19 improvement

Following the report of a public inquiry in March 2013, the Secretary of State for Transport announced on 18 July 2013 that work to update the Catthorpe Interchange at junction 19, between the M1 motorway, M6 and A14 (Great Britain), close to Catthorpe,^[26] would go ahead.^[27] Work on the £191 million three-layer interchange started in January 2014.^[28] The scheme was fully opened to traffic in December 2016.^[29]

A421 dualling from Milton Keynes to M1 junction 13

In conjunction with the M1 widening schemes and dualling of the A421 between M1 junction 13 and the A1 near St Neots, proposals were made to widen the A421 between the M1 junction 13 in Bedfordshire and the Kingston roundabout in Milton Keynes.^[30] Exhibitions were held in June 2005 which rejected proposals to re-route the road in favour of widening the current road. In 2005, the project was given an estimated total cost of £33 million.^[31]

Funding of £23.5 million was confirmed by the government for these works, as part of the South East Midlands Local Enterprise Partnership "Local Growth Deal".^[32] As part of the government's pinch point reduction programme, work commenced in 2014 on the A421 in Milton Keynes to improve the Kingston roundabout, and dual the section from it to (near) the Bedfordshire border, with the construction of two new roundabouts on the route. The road corridor includes a separate cycleway.^[33]

The upgrade work for this final phase of the plan, the section running from junction 13 to Eagle Farm roundabout, started in September 2018 and was completed in December 2020.^[33]

Smart Motorways

M1 widening and variable speed limits, junctions 6A to 10 (M25 to Luton South)

Work began on the 10-mile (16 km) section between the M25 and Luton (J6A-J10) in 2006 and opened in 2009, which included the construction of new parallel collector-distributor lanes between junctions 7 and 8.

The M10 spur was built as a motorway because it inevitably led to the M1, but as non-motorway traffic could now travel between the A414 at Hemel Hempstead and Park Street Roundabout without having to access the M1, the M10 was downgraded to an A road, and designated as part of the A414 to allow for this. The work also included widening or replacement of 11 underbridges on one or both carriageways, and replacing seven overbridges^[34] at a total cost of £294 million.^[35] A variable mandatory speed limit system was installed, making this the first smart motorway scheme on the M1.

M1 dynamic hard shoulder running, junctions 10 to 13 (Luton South to Milton Keynes South)

Work to introduce dynamic hard shoulder running on approximately 15 miles (24 km) of motorway between Luton and Milton Keynes (J10-J13) was completed in December 2012, at a total cost of £327 million.^[36] This made the hard shoulder available to be opened as a traffic lane where additional capacity was necessary. Modifications were made to junctions 11 and 12,^[37] to allow for four lanes running through each junction, and the A421 from junction 13 to the Bedford southern bypass was also upgraded to two lanes each way during this period.^[38] The scheme will likely be converted to all lane running at some point in the 2020 decade, alongside all other dynamic hard shoulder running schemes. This was because a Government review into smart motorways found dynamic hard shoulder running was too confusing for drivers, leading to plans to convert all dynamic hard shoulders into permanent running lanes.^[39]

M1 widening and variable speed limits, junctions 25-28 (Nottingham to Mansfield)

Work to widen the 15-mile (24 km) section from Nottingham to Mansfield (J25-J28) to four lanes each way began in October 2007 and was completed in May 2010, at a cost of £340 million.^[40]^[41] A 50 mph limit, enforced by average speed cameras, was imposed for the period of construction, but it proved to be so effective that a permanent variable mandatory speed limit system was installed.^[42] In 2023, following a previous debate on the issue, local MPs Mark Fletcher and Lee Anderson called on the government to upgrade junction 28, describing it as a "pinch point" disadvantaging local residents and businesses.^[43]^[44]

M1 widening and variable speed limits, junctions 13-16 (Milton Keynes South to Northampton West)

National Highways converted the existing 23-mile (37 km) section of the M1 between Milton Keynes and Northampton (J13-J16) into an all-lane-running (ALR) smart motorway consisting of four lanes running in both directions without a hard shoulder, with the project's cost being £373 million. Construction began in January 2018, with the scheme opening in stages until 9 March 2023, when the project was fully complete.^[45]

Other proposals

The speed limit between M1 junctions 33 to 34, near Rotherham, has been reduced to 60 mph, to reduce levels of nitrogen dioxide. The plans were to be implemented before October 2020,^[46]^[47] and as of August 2023 the speed limit reduction is still in place.

Incidents and accidents

On 12 October 1970, a woman, Barbara Mayo, was abducted and murdered whilst hitchhiking up the motorway from London to Yorkshire. She was found dead in Ault Hucknall near the motorway in Derbyshire. The murder has never been solved.^[48]
On 16 March 1972, 200 vehicles crashed in thick fog resulting in the deaths of nine people on the M1 near Ridgmont, north of Luton.^[49]
On 8 January 1989, a Boeing 737 crashed onto the embankment of the M1 whilst attempting an emergency landing at East Midlands Airport in Leicestershire.^{[citation needed]} There were no ground casualties nor vehicular damage on the motorway as a result of the crash, however 47 passengers on board the aircraft were killed and a further 74 passengers and crew members were seriously injured.
On 6 September 1997, large sections of the northbound carriageway were closed between London and Northampton to allow for the funeral procession of Diana, Princess of Wales to Althorp. In an unprecedented event, police allowed pedestrians onto the normally busy northbound carriageway almost the entire length of the route to pay their respects.^{[citation needed]}
On 11 June 2003, three military tanks were thrown across the carriageway near junction 19 near Lutterworth when the transporter carrying them was involved in a crash; five people were killed.^[50]
An 18-mile (29 km) stretch of the motorway was closed entirely on the morning of 11 December 2005, following a major explosion and fire at the Buncefield Oil Depot which is less than half a mile (800 m) from the M1.
In June 2007, the section of M1 between junctions 32 and 36 was closed for a number of days after the Ulley Reservoir developed cracks after being deluged in the 2007 United Kingdom floods.^{[citation needed]}
Part of the motorway close to Tinsley Viaduct was closed to allow safe demolition of the Tinsley cooling towers in the early hours of 24 August 2008.^[51] The M1 remained closed for much of the day until the stability of the viaduct was confirmed.
On 15 April 2011, a 7-mile (11 km) stretch of the road was closed between Junctions 1 and 4 due to a fire at a scrapyard underneath the motorway.^[52] The road was fully re-opened early on 21 April 2011 with a 50 mph speed limit in force whilst repair work continued to an elevated section.^[52]
On 26 August 2017, two lorries and a minibus crashed between junctions 14 and 15, near Newport Pagnell, shutting down the motorway for most of the day. Eight people were killed and three severely injured. The drivers of the lorries were charged with dangerous driving, with one also charged with drunk driving.^[53] The incident represented the largest loss of life as the result of a motorway accident since a crash on the M40 in 1993.^[54]

Junctions

County	Location	mi	km	Jct	Destinations (SB)	Destinations (NB)	Notes
Greater London	London Borough of Barnet	7.0	11.3	1	A406 (North Circular) – Central London, Brent Cross, Wembley		Southern terminus
		9.1 9.2	14.6 14.8	2	A1 to A406 east (North Circular) – City of London, Holloway	No access	Southbound exit and northbound entrance
		12.0	19.3	London Gateway services
		13.2 13.5	21.3 21.8	4	A41 – Harrow, Edgware	No access	Southbound exit and northbound entrance
Hertfordshire	Bushey–Radlett boundary	17.1 17.5	27.5 28.1	5	A41 – Watford	A41 to M25 west – Aylesbury, Watford
	Watford–Bricket Wood boundary	19.7 20.0	31.7 32.2	6	A405 – North Watford	A405 to M25 – St Albans
	St Stephen	20.4 20.8	32.9 33.5	6A	M25 to M11 / M20 – Stansted Airport, Dartford M25 to M40 / M4 / M3 – Heathrow Airport	No access	Southbound exit and northbound entrance
	St Michael	22.5 22.7	36.2 36.6	7	A414 – St Albans, Hatfield	No access	Southbound exit and northbound entrance
	St Michael	23.5 23.8	37.8 38.3	8	A414 – Hemel Hempstead
	Redbourn–Flamstead–Harpenden boundary	27.9 28.3	44.9 45.6	9	A5183 – Redbourn	A5183 – St Albans
Bedfordshire	Slip End–Luton boundary	30.3 30.6	48.8 49.2	10	A1081 – Luton, Luton Airport
	Luton	33.7 34.0	54.3 54.7	11	A505 – Luton, Dunstable
	Chalton			11A	A5 to A505 – Aylesbury, Dunstable
	Toddington			Toddington services
	Toddington	38.5 38.9	62.0 62.6	12	A5120 – Flitwick
	Husborne Crawley–Brogborough boundary	45.2 45.4	72.7 73.1	13	A421 – Bedford, Milton Keynes
Buckinghamshire	Broughton–Moulsoe boundary	49.7 50.2	80.0 80.8	14	A509 – Milton Keynes, Newport Pagnell
Buckinghamshire	Newport Pagnell	53.7	86.5	Newport Pagnell services
Northamptonshire	Grange Park	61.8 62.3	99.4 100.2	15	A45 / A508 to A43 – Northampton, Wellingborough, Kettering, Rail Freight Terminal
	Rothersthorpe	64.3 64.9	103.5 104.5	15A	A43 to M40 – Oxford Northampton services	A43 to M40 – Oxford, Northampton Northampton services
	Upper Heyford	67.9 68.3	109.2 109.9	16	A4500 – Northampton	A45 – Daventry
	Watford	75.1	120.8	Watford Gap services
	Watford–Crick boundary	76.6 76.9	123.3 123.8	17	No access	M45 – Coventry	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
	Crick	78.5 78.9	126.3 126.9	18	A428 to A361 – Daventry, DIRFT	A5 to A428 – Hinckley, Rugby, DIRFT
Leicestershire	Swinford (Catthorpe Interchange)	82.3 82.7	132.4 133.1	19	A14 – Felixstowe, Kettering	M6 – The North West, Birmingham, Coventry	No access to M6 from southbound exit or to A14 from northbound exit
	Lutterworth–Misterton with Walcote boundary	85.5 86.1	137.6 138.5	20	A4303 to A426 – Lutterworth, Rugby	A4303 / A4304 – Lutterworth, Market Harborough
	Enderby–Lubbesthorpe–Braunstone Town boundary	96.1 96.6	154.6 155.4	21	M69 / A5460 – Birmingham, Coventry, Leicester	M69 / A5460 – Coventry, Leicester
	Leicester Forest East	97.7	157.2	Leicester Forest East services
	Kirby Muxloe	99.3 99.5	159.8 160.1	21A	No access	A46 – Leicester, Newark	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
	Markfield	104.3 104.7	167.8 168.5	22	A50 / A511 – Leicester, Coalville	A511 – Ashby, Coalville
	Shepshed	108.8 109.2	175.1 175.8	23	A512 – Loughborough, Shepshed
	Long Whatton and Diseworth	113.4 113.6	182.5 182.8	23A	A42 to M42 – The South West, Birmingham	A453 – East Midlands Airport Donington Park services	No access to A42 from northbound exit and to A453 from southbound exit
	Lockington-Hemington	114.9 115.4	184.9 185.7	24	A453 – Nottingham, East Midlands Airport Donington Park services	A50 / A453 – Stoke, Derby, Nottingham
	Lockington-Hemington	115.8 116.2	186.3 187.0	24A	A50 – Stoke, Derby	No access	No exit from northbound traffic (use Junction 24)
Derbyshire	Sandiacre	120.0 120.5	193.2 193.9	25	A52 – Nottingham, Derby
Nottinghamshire	Trowell	124.1	199.8	Trowell services
	Nuthall	126.0 126.6	202.8 203.7	26	A610 – Nottingham	A610 – Nottingham, Ripley
	Felley–Annesley boundary	131.5 132.0	211.7 212.4	27	A608 – Heanor, Hucknall	A608 – Mansfield
Derbyshire	Pinxton–South Normanton boundary	135.0 135.5	217.2 218.0	28	A38 to A615 – Derby, Matlock	A38 to A615 – Mansfield, Matlock
	Tibshelf	138.3	222.5	Tibshelf services
	Heath	141.7 142.3	228.1 229.0	29	A617 to A632 – Mansfield, Matlock	A617 – Chesterfield
	Duckmanton			29A	A6192 to A632 – Markham Vale, Bolsover
	Barlborough	148.4 148.8	238.9 239.5	30	A616 to A619 – Newark, Chesterfield	A6135 to A619 – Sheffield, Worksop
South Yorkshire	Woodall	151.3	243.5	Woodall services
	Aston–Todwick boundary	153.8 154.2	247.5 248.2	31	A57 – Worksop	A57 – Sheffield, Rotherham
	Thurcroft–Morthen boundary	156.3 156.6	251.6 252.1	32	M18 – The North, Doncaster, Hull	M18 – The North, Doncaster, Hull, Rotherham
	Treeton– Brinsworth boundary	158.8 159.2	255.6 256.2	33	A630 – Sheffield, Rotherham
	Sheffield	161.5 161.7	259.9 260.3	34	A6109 – Sheffield, Rotherham, Meadowhall	A6178 – Sheffield, Rotherham, Meadowhall
	Sheffield–Thorpe Hesley boundary	164.9 165.4	265.4 266.2	35	A629 – Rotherham
	Sheffield–Tankersley boundary	166.7 166.9	268.2 268.6	35A	No access	A616 – Manchester	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
	Tankersley–Hoyland–Birdwell boundary	168.0 168.5	270.3 271.2	36	A61 – Sheffield, Barnsley	A61 – Barnsley
	Dodworth–Barnsley boundary	172.1 172.6	276.9 277.8	37	A628 – Manchester, Barnsley
	Haigh	176.4 176.9	283.9 284.7	38	A637 – Huddersfield
West Yorkshire	West Bretton–Woolley boundary	178.5	287.2	Woolley Edge services
	Calder Grove–Durkar boundary	179.9 180.4	289.5 290.4	39	A636 – Denby Dale	A636 – Wakefield
	Ossett–Wakefield boundary	182.6 183.0	293.8 294.5	40	A638 – Wakefield, Dewsbury
	East Ardsley	185.1 185.6	297.9 298.7	41	A650 – Wakefield, Morley	A650 – Wakefield
	Lofthouse–Robin Hood–Leeds boundary	186.5 187.0	300.1 301.0	42	M62 west – Manchester, Bradford M62 east – Hull, Pontefract	M62 west – Manchester, Bradford, Leeds Bradford Airport M62 east – Hull
	Rothwell–Leeds boundary	188.4 189.0	303.2 304.1	43	No access	M621 – Leeds	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
	Rothwell–Leeds boundary	189.4 189.9	304.8 305.6	44	A639 to M621 – Leeds	A639 – Leeds
	Leeds	190.8 191.2	307.1 307.7	45	A63 – Leeds Skelton Lake services
	Leeds–Garforth boundary	193.7 194.0	311.7 312.2	46	A6120 – Leeds	A6120 / A63 – Leeds, Leeds Bradford Airport, Selby
	Garforth	196.6 197.0	316.4 317.1	47	A656 / A642 – Castleford, Garforth	A642 to A1(M) – Garforth, The South
	Micklefield–Lotherton cum Aberford boundary	197.7	318.1	–	A1(M) – The North, Wetherby		Northern terminus
Notes Data from driver location signs/distance marker posts are used to provide distance and carriageway identification information. Where a junction spans several hundred metres and the data is available, both the start and finish values for the junction are shown. Coordinate data from ACME Mapper.
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Incomplete access