List of electronic toll collection systems

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This is a list of electronic toll collection systems in use on toll roads throughout the world.

Africa

South Africa

Open Road (ORT) E-tolling on the Gauteng Freeway system started on 3 December 2013. The cost for the ETC system to toll 187 km of roads was R20bn. Electronic Toll Collection (Pty) Ltd (ETC), a subsidiary of Kapsch TrafficCom AG, is the contracted company that designed, built and is still operating the system, and in turn oversees the Transaction Clearing House (TCH) which oversees customer accounts, and the Violation Processing Centre (VPC) which will follow procedures against payment defaulters. Vehicles are identified electronically without any cash transactions taking place on the road or highway. Vehicle identification is facilitated by an e-tag or a vehicle license plate number which is recorded by overhead cameras installed on gantries, and interpreted by computer.

The system was widely denounced, and poor compliance affected SANRAL's credit rating. A public coalition known as 'Opposition to Urban Tolling Alliance', later renamed Organisation Undoing Tax Abuse (OUTA), launched initiatives to frustrate e-tolling's implementation, and a trade union, law firm and church were among the dissenting voices. OUTA believed the system to be unlawful and approached the high court in 2012, which ruled that the GFIP was lawfully instituted, but denied SANRAL a punitive costs order. In 2014 OUTA launched the Rule of Law campaign and promised to challenge the legality of procedures against payment defaulters.

In the first six months the overdue toll fees of unregistered road users accrued to R1 billion, and the Gauteng government acknowledged the dissatisfaction of motorists. Sanral CEO Skhumbuzo Macozoma confirmed in Sep 2020 that Gauteng’s e-toll compliance rate before the Covid-19 pandemic was at 20%, collecting only R60-million a month.

  • e-toll operated by Sanral[1] throughout the Gauteng province. Cities include Johannesburg, Pretoria, Centurion, Midrand, Soweto and the East and West Rand.
  • Bakwena N1N4 Toll Concession[2] The Bakwena N1N4 Toll is a separate system and has been operating for the past 12 years. The e-tag system employed by Sanral is also compatible with the current Bakwena tags and may be registered with Sanral's e-toll system for use on certain sections of the N1 and N4 towards Bela-Bela, Rustenburg and Botswana.[3]
  • Since December 2015, the e-tag is operational on all toll roads nationally.[4]

Kenya

The Nairobi Expressway is a 27 kilometres (17 mi) toll road in Kenya. ETC started operation in 2022 with users needing to top-up their ETC accounts prior to using the service. ETC users on the Nairobi Expressway enjoy a 5% discount off all trips. [5]

Asia

East Asia

China

ETC has operated in China since June 2014. In December 2014, 13 provinces supported ETC. By December 2015, it was accepted in 29 provinces. Plans vary by province and bank, and discounted rates (usually 5% off) may be available in some areas. The MoT scheduled to cancel all cross-provinces and cross-junctions toll booths in 2019, by renovating toll booths in all entries and exits, plus installing barrels (like how Electronic Road Pricing in Singapore works) on the province borders to fully support non-stop payments, and hence all such toll booths were cancelled by Jan 1, 2020.[6]

Type of payment: prepaid card, some Chinese debit card (depends on at which bank one's ETC was opened), some Chinese credit cards (depends on at which bank one's ETC was opened), and (in some provinces) Alipay and WeChat pay. There usually an up front payment for new users. Wherever the Chinese ETC is opened, it is accepted nationwide as long as ETC is supported in that area.

Some emergency services vehicles, such as fire trucks and military vehicles, are also installed ETC e-tags by MEM and MND.

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Operated by Location
Huitong Card Expressways

Toll roads

Parking places

Custom checkpoints

Anhui Government Anhui Province Expressway Network Operation Co Ltd Anhui
Sutong Card Beijing Government Beijing Sutong Technology Co Ltd Beijing
Tianjin Government Tianjin
Tongyu Card Chongqing Government Chongqing Expressways Corp. Chongqing
Mintong Card Fujian Government Fujian Expressway ETC toll center Fujian
E-Serve Guangdong Government Guangdong Unitoll Co Ltd GD-HK-MO
Baguixing Card Guangxi Government Guangxi Jietong Expressway Technology Co Ltd Guangxi
Low Carbon Driving Card Hebei Government Hebei Expressway Bureau Hebei
Zhongyuantong Henan Government Henan Shibo Electronic Co Ltd Henan
Heilongjiang ETC Card Heilongjiang Government Heilongjiang ETC Bureau Heilongjiang
Hubei ETC VIP Hubei Government Hubei Expressway Network Toll collecting Center Hubei
Xiangtong Card Hunan Government Hunan Expressway Jietong Informations Co Ltd Hunan
Mengtong Card Inner Mongolia Government Inner Mongolia
Sutong Card Jiangsu Government Jiangsu Expressway Network Operation Co Ltd Jiangsu
Gantong Card Jiangxi Government Jiangxi Expressway Networking Management Center Jiangxi
Jilin Government Jilin
Liaoning Government Liaoning Province Expressway Industrial Development Co Ltd Liaoning
Sanqintong Shaanxi Government Shaanxi Province Expressway E-pay Co Ltd Shaanxi
Lutong Card Shandong Government Shandong Expressway Collecting Center Shandong
Xinlian Card Shandong Expressway Xinlian Co Ltd
Hutong Card Shanghai Government SPTCC Shanghai
Kuaitong Card Shanxi Government Shanxi Transportation Informations Co Ltd Shanxi
Zhejiang ETC Card Zhejiang Government Zhejiang Highway Bureau Zhejiang

There's no known payment systems and toll booths for expressways in Hainan and Tibet, because:

  1. Management fees of Hainan expressways are combined with fuel surcharges, and hence instead of paying by drivers, such fees are dynamically paid by filling stations in Hainan;
  2. Expressways in Tibet are built by Tibetan PAPs, and are directly managed by State Council.

Hong Kong

Main article: Autotoll

Covers toll roads and tunnels in Hong Kong; 220,000 users making 320,000 daily transactions.

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Operated by
12 toll roads and tunnels Autotoll (formerly Autopass or Electronic Toll Systems Ltd. (both merged with Autotoll)

Japan

ETC started operation in 2001. It covers toll roads and tunnels in Japan; there are 6,000,000 daily transactions with a usage ratio of 90%.[7]

South Korea

hi-pass, operated by Korea Expressway Corporation, covers all national express roads and several BTO/BTL roads in South Korea. From 2013, transportation cards the (T-money, Cashbee, and Hanpay) are compatible with existing hi-pass system.

Taiwan

Main article: Electronic Toll Collection (Taiwan)

Taiwan's ETC systems have been operating since February 10, 2006. It transitioned from OBU (infrared-based) to e-Tag (passive RFID-based) MLFF as of 2012, and started live operations in December 2013.

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Operated by
Sun Yat-sen Freeway, Formosa Freeway (21 toll stations) Highway Taiwan Area Freeway Bureau Far Eastern Electronic Toll Collection Co. (FETC)

Southwest Asia

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Operated by Location
Highway 6 Highway Derech Eretz Israel
Shaikh Zayed Road RTA Dubai, UAE
Salik ETC
Ahvaz-Bandar Emam Freeway Freeway ETC Bank Maskan Iran
Tehran-Pardis Freeway
Tehran-Qom Freeway

South Asia

India

FASTag is the electronic toll collection system in India, operated by the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).[8][9] It employs RFID for making toll payments directly from the prepaid or savings account linked to it or directly toll owner. It is affixed on the windscreen of the vehicle and enables to drive through toll plazas without stopping for transactions. FASTag has unlimited validity. Dedicated Lanes at some Toll plazas have been built for FASTag. As of September 2019, FASTag lanes are available on over 500 national and state highways and over 35.23 million cars are enabled with FASTag.[10] From 15 February 2021, FASTag was made mandatory for all vehicles and toll plazas in the country.[11]

Pakistan

M-Tag is the electronic toll collection system deployed on the motorways of Pakistan by One Network. It includes a system of automated and centrally connected electronic toll collection system utilizing the latest technology. https://onenetwork.pk/

Sri Lanka

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Branded as Operated by Location
Colombo – Katunayake Expressway Expressway Road Development Authority E-Tag Expressway Operation Maintenance and Management Division-Sri Lanka Sri Lanka

Southeast Asia

Indonesia

In the early 2010s Bank Mandiri introduced the e-Tollcard (now Mandiri e-money) contactless charge card, which monopolized the Electronic Toll Collection system in Indonesia's expressways for a time.

Since October 31, 2017 all expressways in Indonesia no longer accept cash tolls.

Toll booths only accept contactless charge cards as part of a greater "National Non-Cash Movement"[12] (Gerakan Nasional Non Tunai, GNNT) organized by the central bank. As of the time of the switchover, charge cards issued by the four state-owned banks Bank Mandiri, BNI, BRI and BTN, as well as those issued by BCA, were accepted. There are currently plans for toll booths to accept more cards issued by different banks.

This is also a part of the Government of Indonesia's plan to eradicate toll booths and replace them with open-road tolling (officially called Multi-Lane Free Flow, MLFF by the government) similar to the ETC system in Taiwan.

Malaysia

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Branded as Operated by Location
Malaysian expressway networks Highways/Expressway Lembaga Lebuhraya Malaysia (Malaysia Highway Authority) Smart TAG
Touch 'n Go
Touch 'n Go eWallet RFiD 		Touch 'n Go Sdn Bhd Nationwide

Philippines

There are two brands of RFID electronic toll collection systems in the country: Easytrip for expressways operated by Metro Pacific Investments and Autosweep for those operated by San Miguel Corporation.[13] Both types were aimed to become interoperable sometime in 2020,[14] as the Department of Transportation will start requiring users to register to either ETC system by January 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[15] Currently, there are no plans for the country to use open road tolling.

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Operated by Location
Metro Manila Skyway Elevated Highway Citra Metro Manila Tollways Corporation AutoSweep RFID (Vendeka Toll Collection System)[16] Metro Manila
NAIA Expressway Vertex Tollways Development, Inc AutoSweep RFID (Vendeka Toll Collection System)[16]
North Luzon Expressway Highway NLEX Corporation Easytrip Luzon and Metro Manila
Muntinlupa–Cavite Expressway AC Infrastructure Holdings Corporation AutoSweep RFID
Manila–Cavite Expressway Public Estates Authority Tollway Corporation Easytrip
South Luzon Expressway South Luzon Tollways Corporation AutoSweep RFID (Vendeka Toll Collection System)[16]
Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway Bases Conversion and Development Authority (formerly)

NLEX Corporation

Easytrip Luzon
Subic Freeport Expressway NLEX Corporation Easytrip
Southern Tagalog Arterial Road STAR Infrastructure Development Corporation AutoSweep RFID (Vendeka Toll Collection System)[16]
Tarlac–Pangasinan–La Union Expressway Private Infra Development Corporation AutoSweep RFID

Singapore

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Operated by Location
Roadways entering downtown Roads and highways Area Licensing Scheme (merged with EPS). This was the world's first to implement congestion charges to enter a downtown area. Central core of Singapore
Electronic Road Pricing

Thailand

Name of roadway Type of roadway Owned by Branded as Operated by Location
Thai expressway network Expressways Expressway Authority of Thailand Easy Pass
M-Flow (experiment)[17] 		TAG Bangkok and nearby provinces
Thai motorway network Motorways Department of Highways

Europe

British Isles

Central Europe

  • Austria – Videomaut for motorways and expressways subject to special tolls (Sondermautstrecke)
  • Austria – go-maut[18] for the national Autobahn network (where passenger cars would require a vignette)
  • Czech Republic – premid[19] for trucks on highways
  • Germany – LKW-MAUT for trucks on Autobahns
  • Hungary – HU-GO,[20] on all highways in Hungary for any vehicle
  • Poland – e-TOLL mandatory for trucks over 3.5 tons and buses, optional for passenger cars[21]
  • Slovak Republic – SkyToll a. s.[22] for vehicles over 3.5 tons total weight
  • Slovenia – DarsGo (for vehicles over 3.5 tons)[23]
  • Switzerland – LSVA ("performance-related heavy vehicle fee")[24]

Eastern Europe

Northern Europe

Southeast Europe

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina – ACC, on all tolled motorways
  • Bulgaria – TollPass, on all highways and first class roads for vehicles above 3.5 tons[31]
  • Romania – eTarif - Peaj, eRovinieta road tax mandatory for all automobiles [32]
  • Serbia – ENP, on all tolled highways in Serbia
  • Turkey – OGS (active onboard transponder, abbreviation for "Otomatik Gecis Sistemi") and HGS provider by Turkish Post (passive RFID, abbreviation for "Hizli Gecis Sistemi")

Southern Europe

Western Europe

  • Belgium – Kilometer charge for trucks on public roads[38]
  • France – Télépéage, usually branded liber-t[39] on motorways (run by the Federation of French Motorway Companies) (ASFA)

North America

Canada

Costa Rica

  • Quick Pass[47] lane uses E-Z Pass technology in all toll booths in the country.

Dominican Republic

  • Paso Rapido[48] lane uses E-Z Pass technology in all toll booths in the country.

Mexico

Puerto Rico

United States

The 2012 transportation funding bill MAP-21 required all electronic tolling systems on Interstate highways be compatible by October 1, 2016, but no funding and no penalty were provided, so discussions on interoperability are ongoing[53] through the International Bridge, Tunnel and Turnpike Association.[54] In Florida, older battery-powered SunPass transponders were no longer accepted as of January 1, 2016, in preparation for future compatibility with E-ZPass toll booths. Several mobile tolling platforms are currently in use.

Oceania

Australia

Main article: e-TAG

New Zealand

  • Northern Gateway Toll Road on the Northern Motorway in Auckland
  • Tauranga Eastern Link Toll Road on State highway 2 in Tauranga
  • Takitimu Drive Toll road on State highway 29 in Tauranga

South America

Argentina

  • Autopistas Avenida General Paz and Acceso Norte in Buenos Aires[81] system PASE (Peaje Automático Sin Espera)
  • Autopista 25 de Mayo[82]
  • Autopista Dellepiane[83]
  • Autopista Perito Moreno[84]
  • Autopista Arturo Illia[85]
  • Autopista Ezeiza – Cañuelas[86]
  • Autopista Acceso Oeste[87]
  • Autopista La Plata – Buenos Aires[88]
  • Autopista Camino Parque del Buen Ayre[89]
  • Córdoba – Caminos de las sierras (CUIS)[90]

Brazil

Chile

  • Autopista Central[95] in Santiago
  • Autopista Vespucio Sur[96] in Santiago
  • Autopista Vespucio Norte Express[97] in Santiago
  • Costanera Norte[98] in Santiago (world's first free-flow ETC freeway to cross through a downtown area)
  • Túnel San Cristóbal[99] in Santiago
  • Acceso Sur de Santiago and Chile Highway 5 Santiago – Talca section[100]
  • Chile Route 68[101] in Santiago – Valparaíso and Santiago Viña del Mar
  • International Highway Los Libertadores[102] (Chilean section)
  • Arturo Merino Benitez Road Access[103] in Santiago

Colombia

External links

References

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