Interstate 11

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Interstate 11

Purple Heart Highway
I-11 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by NDOT
Length22.845 mi[1] (36.765 km)
ExistedAugust 16, 2017[2]–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
South end US 93 at Arizona state line
Major intersections
North end US 95 / SR 157 in Las Vegas
Location
CountryUnited States
StateNevada
CountiesClark
Highway system
  • Nevada State Highway System
US 6NV I-15

Interstate 11 (I-11) is an Interstate Highway that currently runs for 51.5 miles (82.9 km) on a predominantly northwest–southeast alignment in the U.S. state of Nevada, running concurrently with either or both U.S. Route 93 (US 93) and U.S. Route 95 (US 95) the Arizona state line and northwestern Las Vegas. The freeway is tentatively planned to run from Nogales, Arizona, to the vicinity of Reno, Nevada, generally following the current routes of I-19, I-10, US 93, and US 95.[3] Planners anticipate upgrading two existing highway segments to carry future I-11: US 93 in Arizona from Wickenburg to the Nevada state line on the Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge over the Colorado River and US 95 in Nevada from the Las Vegas Valley to Tonopah. The most recent extension came in 2024, when officials began replacing I-515 signs in Las Vegas with I-11 signs and adding I-11 signs on US 95 north of Downtown Las Vegas, which extended I-11 northward about 30.5 miles (49.1 km).[4] An extension of the Interstate northward along US 95 to Mercury, Nevada, is planned after that. An exact alignment for I-11 has yet to be determined outside of these sections; a number of corridor alternatives, however, have been identified for further study and refinement. The building of I-11 in Arizona is also facing local opposition from conservation groups.

As originally proposed in the 2012 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act, the highway would run only from Casa Grande, Arizona, to Las Vegas.[5] This was to provide a Las Vegas–Phoenix freeway link. Extensions of the corridor to the north toward Reno and to the south toward Nogales, however, have since been approved by the 2015 Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act).

The numbering of this highway did not initially fit within the usual conventions of the existing Interstate Highway grid as it is east of I-15 and should therefore have a number greater than 15. I-17, however, was already built to the east of the I-11 alignment in Arizona, making it impossible to fit this freeway's Interstate number into the national grid and remain within the traditional numbering convention. I-11 being extended along US 95 through Las Vegas and crossing over I-15 remedied this situation since it put a portion of I-11 west of I-15 and thus in line with the national grid numbering conventions.[4]

The 80th session of the Nevada Legislature passed a bill designating the entire route of I-11 in the state as the Purple Heart Highway, which went into effect on July 1, 2019.[6][7]

Route description

I-11 sign in Henderson with US 93/US 95 shields in 2018

The highway currently begins at the Arizona state line on the Hoover Dam Bypass, then runs along the 15-mile (24 km) Boulder City Bypass around Boulder City, which opened on August 9, 2018. It is signed concurrently with US 93 throughout. At mile 14, I-11 intersects and joins with US 95 heading north.[8] Continuing northwest, the highway runs along the former I-515 around Henderson to the Henderson Spaghetti Bowl interchange with I-215 and State Route 564 (SR 564).[4]

Northbound view approaching the I-15 interchange in 2015, when it was the northern terminus of I-515

I-11 continues northwest from the I-215 interchange as a six-lane freeway as it passes the Sunset Station casino and Galleria at Sunset shopping mall. I-11 then turns north and intersects Tropicana Avenue (SR 593), Flamingo Road (SR 592), and Boulder Highway SR 582 as it approaches the city limits of Las Vegas proper. After entering the city of Las Vegas, the highway turns west and intersects Las Vegas Boulevard on the north side of Downtown Las Vegas. At the Las Vegas Spaghetti Bowl, I-11 meets I-15, where US 93 splits away from I-11 to follow I-15 north toward Ely.[9]

US 95 heads west, then north at the Rainbow Curve at Summerlin Parkway (SR 613). Eventually, the freeway passes through the Centennial Bowl with the Las Vegas Beltway (CC 215) in the northwest at Centennial Hills. The I-11 designation ends at Kyle Canyon Road (SR 157. US 95 continues northwest as a freeway until Corn Creek Road northwest of the Las Vegas Valley, and then onward to Tonopah.

History

Interstate 515

Interstate 515

LocationLas VegasHenderson, Nevada
Length20.010 mi[10] (32.203 km)
Existed1976–2024[11][12][4]
NHSEntire route
Beginning of northbound I-515 as seen in 2015, at former southern terminus in the southern city limits of Henderson.

US 93 and US 95, as well as US 466, originally followed Fremont Street and Boulder Highway from downtown Las Vegas, southeast through Henderson, to Boulder City.[13] A freeway bypass of this section of highway was approved as Interstate 515 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) on July 12, 1976, from the I-15 interchange to the junction of US 93 and US 95 (at Boulder Highway, current exit 70).[11] Construction did not begin until 1982. The spur was completed southeast to Charleston Boulevard (SR 159) in 1984, to Tropicana Avenue (SR 593) in 1986, to Russell Road in 1988, to Lake Mead Parkway (State Route 564) (then known as Lake Mead Drive, SR 146 west and SR 147 east), in 1990, and finally to Railroad Pass in 1994, ending at an at-grade intersection with Paradise Hills Drive, which was eventually removed. With this final extension complete, all 20.010 miles (32.203 km) [10] was signed as I-515. Boulder Highway was signed as a business route of US 93/US 95 after the freeway was completed, but that designation has since been removed in favor of SR 582.

Bypassing the Hoover Dam and Boulder City

The Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge, seen here in 2010, was built as a bypass of Hoover Dam. Crossing the border between Arizona (left) and Nevada (right), it is also the current southern terminus of I-11.

As recently as 1997, US 93 was mostly a two-lane road between Wickenburg and Hoover Dam, and was known for its dangerous curves and hills in the stretch between Wickenburg and I-40. In the late 1990s, ADOT began widening US 93 to four lanes, and in some areas building a completely new roadway. In other places along the route, ADOT simply repaved the old highway and built two new lanes parallel to it. ADOT also began studying the possibility of adding grade separations to US 93 near the Santa Maria River to make the road a full freeway.

At the same time Nevada[14] and Arizona began looking at US 93's crossing of Hoover Dam, a major bottleneck for regional commerce, with hairpin turns, multiple crosswalks for pedestrians, and steep grades. Plans for a bypass bridge became even more urgent when the road was closed to trucks after 9/11 in 2001, forcing commercial traffic to detour through Bullhead City, Arizona, and Laughlin, Nevada, causing major transport delays. As a result, the states of Arizona and Nevada worked together to build the Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge, which was completed on October 14, 2010.[15] Shortly thereafter, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) approved NDOT's environmental review of a bypass around Boulder City, which would connect the end of the bridge, east of Boulder City, to I-515, west of the town.[16]

With the completion of the O'Callaghan–Tillman Bridge, the vast majority of the roadway was now a four-lane divided highway. Still, with Phoenix and Las Vegas as the two largest neighboring cities in the United States not connected by the Interstate System, leaders in both cities lobbied to include the route as an Interstate in the next Transportation Equity Act reauthorization. With the rise of the concept of "megapolitan" urban regions, the route is considered a key connector to unify the triangle formed by Las Vegas, Phoenix, and the Los Angeles area (the triangle consisting of I-15 to the north/west, I-10 to the south and I-11 on the east).[17] On March 21, 2014, signs for Future Interstate 11 were installed along the US 93 corridor.[18]

In December 2013, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), researchers discovered naturally occurring asbestos in the route of the Boulder City bypass. Containing the asbestos and monitoring the surrounding air to keep workers safe was estimated to cost at least an additional $12 million.[19] Work was completed without any OSHA incidents, with 14,000 air samples taken during the construction.[20]

On May 21, 2014, NDOT submitted an application to the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to request the creation of the I-11 designation between the Arizona state line and the I-215/I-515 interchange in Henderson.[21] AASHTO approved this request at their Spring 2014 Special Committee on US Route Numbering meeting, contingent on FHWA approval.[22] On August 16, 2017, the first southbound segment was opened to traffic, with its accompanying northbound segment opening on January 27, 2018.[23] On February 20, 2018, NDOT opened additional ramps connecting the new Railroad Pass Casino Road to both the Boulder City Parkway (current US 93 and US 95) and to I-11 (southbound exit and northbound entrance).[24] The final portion of Phase 1, between the new casino access road and US 95, opened on May 23, 2018.[25][26][27]

Phase 2, which began construction on April 6, 2015,[28] was expected to open by October 2018;[29] however, in May 2018, the RTC announced that the section would be open by June 2018, three months ahead of schedule.[30][31] That opening date was subsequently pushed back to August 9, 2018, as it was still in the post-construction stage.[32][33]

With the Boulder City Bypass complete, NDOT began the process of changing signage between I-515's former southern terminus and the I-215 interchange in Henderson from I-515 to I-11 on March 17, 2019. The re-signing project continued through April 26, 2019.[34] As a result, I-515 was shortened by 5.566 miles (8.958 km) to 14.444 mi (23.245 km).[35]

Extension through the Las Vegas Valley

In July 2022, NDOT decided to route I-11 along the existing alignments of I-515/US 93/US 95 to downtown Las Vegas, then running concurrently with US 95 northwest to SR 157, rather than use I-215 or construct a new corridor, as had been proposed.[36] AASHTO approved the extension to SR 157 at the organization's annual meeting in 2022.[12]

In 2024, I-11 was extended through the Las Vegas Valley along US 93/US 95 (the rest of the alignment of former I-515) to Downtown Las Vegas and I-15, then running concurrently with US 95 northwest to SR 157. When this segment was designated, I-515 was decommissioned.[4] Studies to extend I-11 from SR 157 northward to Mercury were started in late 2023.[37][38]

Future

Arizona

If fully built as proposed, the southern terminus of the freeway would be at I-19 Business Loop in Nogales, Arizona, concurrent with that of I-19 proper, or follow State Route 189 (SR 189) from its intersection with I-19 to the Mariposa Port of Entry where it continues south as Federal Highway 15D, creating a Nogales, Arizona–Nogales, Sonora metro area bypass for high-density CANAMEX Corridor traffic. As originally envisioned, the freeway would then join I-10 in Tucson and continue to Casa Grande, Arizona.[3]

However, corridor alternatives were studied, and the draft tier 1 environmental impact statement selected a recommended corridor alternative that would split from I-19 near Sahuarita and wrap around the Tucson Mountains as a Tucson bypass route, then travel parallel to I-10 until Casa Grande.[39] The two Interstates would be within miles of each other, and a short connection to I-10 is proposed in Marana. The additional segment would create the Tucson bypass route identified as a critical need by ADOT based upon I-10 traffic projections.[40] Officials in Pima County, Arizona, supported this extension.[41] Over 800 residents signed a petition opposing that west-side bypass because it would impact the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, Saguaro National Park, and Ironwood Forest National Monument. They recommended instead that I-11 be built on top of the existing I-10 route through Tucson.[42][43]

At or near the interchange with I-8 and I-10 in Casa Grande, the freeway would split from I-10 and travel in a generally westward and then northward direction as a bypass route around the Phoenix metropolitan area.[44] Two general corridor alternatives have been identified for this bypass section. One recommended alternative would have the highway running concurrently with I-8 west to Gila Bend, turning north to its interchange with I-10 in Buckeye or Tonopah.[8] The second recommended alternative would have the highway run concurrently with I-8 east to an intersection with either Loop 303 or the Hassayampa Freeway, and then follow some combination of those highways, SR 30, or SR 85 to an intersection with I-10 in or near Buckeye.[8]

North of I-10 in Buckeye or Tonopah, the study has identified a general corridor roughly parallel to the Hassayampa River with two more specific corridor alignments. The first would create a new highway running north to the US 60/SR 74 intersection in Morristown before turning northwest to run concurrently with US 60 to its intersection with US 93 in Wickenburg, thereafter, running concurrently with US 93 to the northwest. The second alignment would follow the alignment of the Hassayampa Freeway as proposed by the Maricopa Association of Governments to an intersection with US 93 northwest of Wickenburg in Yavapai County.[8]

The highway would then run concurrently with US 93 through northern Arizona, including a concurrency with I-40 through Kingman. After leaving Kingman, the highway would continue north, crossing the O'Callaghan–Tillman Bridge into Nevada.

While the bulk of US 93 through Arizona has been widened to four lanes, some portions of the corridor are not built to Interstate Highway standards, as there are scattered at-grade intersections, substandard roadway and shoulder widths, median crossovers, and other deficiencies. Part of these dual roadways are repaved, re-striped sections of very old parts of US 93. The US 93 Corridor Improvement Project is planned to connect the sections of divided highway between Wickenburg and Kingman. An upgraded interchange between and US 93 and I-40 is planned east of Kingman to replace the existing Cedar Hills interchange. I-11 signage will be added to US 93 once it is built to Interstate standards.[45]

A direct system interchange between US 93 and I-40 is also planned to eliminate the bottleneck at Beale Street on the west side Kingman.[46] The first phase of construction, planned to begin in 2024 and finish in 2026, will construct direct connectors from westbound I-40 to northbound US 93 and from southbound US 93 to eastbound I-40. The remaining movements between US 93 and I-40 will continue to use the existing Beale Street interchange until traffic demands warrant and the second phase can be funded.[47]

Funding

The funding bill for the United States Department of Transportation, which replaced stopgaps that expired on June 30, 2012, officially designated I-11. This bill sped up funding for studying, engineering, and possibly building the highway. The Arizona legislature passed a law in 2009 that allowed private investors to team up with ADOT. In July 2012, Nevada's Transportation Board awarded $2.5 million in contracts to a team of consultants to study I-11's feasibility and its environmental and economic consequences.[44]

Extension to Northern Nevada

The proposal to extend I-11 to the Reno area was supported by both of Nevada's US Senators, Harry Reid and Dean Heller, as well as the rest of Nevada's delegation to the US Congress. Heller stated that connecting the Phoenix area with Las Vegas and Northern Nevada would "spur long-term economic development, create jobs and bolster international trade".[48] The 2015 FAST Act gave Congressional approval to the proposed extensions in Nevada and Arizona, but not to extensions north of I-80.[3]

The Reno City Council was informed of potential I-11 corridor plans in March 2018. These include a route through Yerington that roughly parallels SR 208 until just before the Topaz Lake area, then takes a new route into Gardnerville and Minden before meeting up with current I-580 in Carson City, which it follows to its terminus of I-80 in Reno. The other potential corridors stick closer to US 95, with one following US 95 Alt. through Silver Springs to meet I-80 in Fernley, while another would take a new route east of Silver Springs to Fernley, meeting current US 50 Alt. west of Fallon, which would then go to I-80 in Fernley. Another proposed route would go east of Mina and Luning and go north through Salt Wells before meeting US 95 north of Fallon, which then meets I-80 farther north. Other minor alterations to these routes were also shown.[49]

Long-term corridor plans

I-11 was previously projected to serve as an Intermountain West part of the US's long-term CANAMEX Corridor transportation plans, with potential extensions south from Casa Grande to the Sonoran border, and north from Las Vegas through northern Nevada (potentially passing through Reno, Nevada or Elko) and onward through either eastern OregonWashington or western Idaho before terminating at the Canadian border.[50] As of December 2015, I-11 is projected to become the Intermountain West Corridor, extending from Phoenix and Las Vegas through Reno to the Pacific Northwest via central or eastern Oregon and central Washington to the Canadian Border.[51] Feasibility studies for these corridor extensions began in July 2013 and were published in November 2014.

Exit list

Old exits on I-11 were formerly exits on I-515 numbered according to US 95 mileposts. The entire route is in Clark County.

Locationmi[52]kmOld exitNew exitDestinationsNotes
Colorado River0.0000.000
US 93 south – Kingman
Continuation beyond southern terminus into Arizona
Mike O'Callaghan–Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge; NevadaArizona line
Lake Mead NRA2.0293.2652

US 93 Bus. north (Boulder City Parkway) / SR 172 east (Hoover Dam Access Road) – Boulder City, Hoover Dam
Southern terminus of US 93 Bus.; western terminus of SR 172; former US 93/US 466
Boulder City13.59021.87114
US 95 south / SR 173 north – Searchlight, Boulder City
Southern end of US 95 concurrency; southern terminus of unsigned SR 173, which is former US 95 north
Henderson15ARailroad Pass Casino Road
15B

US 93 Bus. south (Boulder City Parkway) – Boulder City
Southbound exit and northbound entrance; former US 93/US 95 south/US 466 east
17.23827.74256A17AWagon Wheel Drive / Nevada State DriveSigned as exit 17 southbound; serves Nevada State College
56B17BBoulder Highway (SR 582 north)Northbound exit and southbound entrance; southern terminus of SR 582; former US 93/US 95 north/US 466 west
18.93530.4735719College DriveServes College of Southern Nevada, Henderson Campus
20.79133.4605920Horizon DriveDiverging diamond interchange
22.81836.7226123

I-215 west (Bruce Woodbury Beltway) / SR 564 east (Lake Mead Parkway)
Eastern terminus of I-215; western terminus of SR 564; I-215 exit 1; former SR 146
1.01.662Auto Show DriveExit numbering following US 95 mileposts begins
2.33.76464ASunset RoadFormer SR 562
2.94.764BGalleria DriveOpened on November 4, 2009
4.16.665Russell RoadServes Sam Boyd Stadium
Paradise6.310.168 Tropicana Avenue (SR 593) – McCarran International Airport
7.311.769Flamingo Road (SR 592)
Sunrise ManorWinchester line8.814.270Boulder Highway (SR 582)Former US 93/US 95/US 466
Las VegasSunrise Manor line10.416.772Charleston Boulevard (SR 159)
Las Vegas12.119.573Eastern AvenueFormer SR 607
13.521.775ALas Vegas Boulevard – Downtown Las Vegas, Cashman CenterSigned as exit 75 northbound; former SR 604/US 91/US 93/US 95
13.722.075BCasino Center Boulevard (SR 602 south) – Downtown Las VegasSouthbound exit only; northbound entrance is via 4th Street
14.44423.24576
I-15 / US 93 north – Los Angeles, Salt Lake City
Northern end of US 93/US 95 concurrency; signed as exits 76A (south) and 76B (north); I-15 exit 42
76CMartin L. King BoulevardSouthbound exit is part of exit 76B
77

US 95 Bus. north (Rancho Drive, SR 599)
Former US 95 north
78Valley View BoulevardSouthbound exit is part of exit 79
79Decatur Boulevard
80Jones Boulevard (SR 596)
81Summerlin Parkway (SR 613 west), Rainbow Boulevard (SR 595 south)Signed as exits 81A (Summerlin Parkway), 81B (Rainbow Boulevard) and 81C (Summerlin Parkway HOV) northbound; no southbound HOV access to Summerlin Parkway
82Lake Mead BoulevardSigned as exits 82A (east) and 82B (west/Rainbow Boulevard) northbound
83Cheyenne Avenue (SR 574 east)
85Craig Road (SR 573 east)
90A

US 95 Bus. south (Rancho Drive, SR 599 south)
No southbound entrance; southbound exit is part of exit 91; former US 95 south
90BAnn RoadSouthbound exit is part of exit 91
91Centennial Center BoulevardSouthbound exit and entrance
91A CC 215 (Bruce Woodbury Beltway)Centennial Bowl; No southbound exit; CC 215 exit 38
91BBuffalo DriveNorthbound exit and entrance
Elkhorn RoadNorthbound HOV exit and southbound HOV entrance
93Durango DriveNorthern end of US 95 HOV lane; also signed southbound as To CC 215
95Skye Canyon Park Drive
96
SR 157 west (Kyle Canyon Road) – Mount Charleston
Northern terminus of I-11, diverging diamond interchange

US 95 north – Tonopah, Reno
Continuation beyond northern terminus of I-515
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References

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  3. ^ a b c "Interstate 11 receives designation in federal transportation funding bill" (Press release). Phoenix: Arizona Department of Transportation. December 4, 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015. The Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act, or FAST Act, formally designates Interstate 11 throughout Arizona. It states that the I-11 corridor will generally follow Interstate 19 from Nogales to Tucson, Interstate 10 from Tucson to Phoenix, and US 93 from Wickenburg to the Nevada state line. From there, the Interstate 11 corridor extends north through Nevada, and is designated as an interstate highway north of Las Vegas, through Reno, connecting to Interstate 80.
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  41. ^ Rico, Gabriela (June 30, 2013). "Tucson May See Another Interstate". Arizona Daily Star. Tucson, AZ.
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  43. ^ Ferguson, Joe (July 31, 2013). "Huckelberry says new highway I-11 key to Pima County's future". Arizona Daily Star. Tucson, AZ.
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  49. ^ Fuhs, Brandon (March 14, 2018). "Reno City Council Learns Potential Corridors for Future Interstate 11". Reno, NV: KTVN-TV. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
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External links